Artificial light and biting flies: the parallel development of attractive light traps and unattractive domestic lights

Wilson, Roger; Wakefield, Andrew; Roberts, Nicholas W.; Jones, Gareth

doi:10.1186/s13071-020-04530-3

Cited by 18 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Our evaluation of known insect disease vectors showed a substantial reduction of potential vectors at amber lamps. This result aligns with a recent review that found higher spectral sensitivity and attraction to shorter wavelengths among biting flies (Wilson et al, 2021). Across all samples, we found just a single individual of Lutzomyia sp., known to transmit Leishmaniasis, at a white LED.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Reducing the blue spectrum of artificial light at night minimises insect attraction in a tropical lowland forest

Deichmann

Gatty

Navarro

et al. 2021

Insect Conserv Diversity

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1. New infrastructure development in previously natural environments is introducing light pollution to habitats at an unprecedented rate, which has the potential to be devastating for native insect assemblages.2. We evaluated insect attraction to three lamp types emitting different spectra of light (white, yellow-filtered and amber-filtered 3000 K LED lamps) and an unlit control in a lowland forest site in the northern Peruvian Amazon previously naïve to artificial illumination.3. Lamp type was the only variable included in the most parsimonious models explaining morphospecies richness and abundance for all insects combined and for eight different insect orders. White lamps (3200 K) attracted far more insects, both morphospecies and individuals, including groups containing important vectors of pathogens, bacteria or parasites, than either yellow (2700 K) or amber (2200 K) lamps.4. Amber lamps attracted the fewest morphospecies and individuals overall but were the most attractive for a limited group of insects, including elaterid beetles (click beetles) and mycetophilid flies (fungus flies).5. While period of night was not a significant predictor of morphospecies richness or abundance, different assemblages of insects were collected during two different sampling periods (18:00-20:00 and 03:00-05:00).6. We strongly recommend that new infrastructure development projects introducing ALAN to light-naïve tropical forests use filtered amber LED lamps with no blue and minimal green light content in outdoor lighted areas. Similarly, operators should develop outdoor lighting plans that include overall reduction of nocturnal lighting and impact mitigation measures. These recommendations should also be used to retrofit existing infrastructure including roads and human settlements.Abstract en español. 1. El desarrollo de nuevas infraestructuras en entornos previamente naturales está introduciendo contaminación lumínica en esos hábitats a una taza sin precedentes, la cual tiene el potencial de ser particularmente devastadora para las comunidades de insectos nativos.2. Evaluamos la atracción de insectos a tres tipos de lámparas que emiten diferentes espectros de luz (lámparas LED blancas de 3000K sin filtro, con un filtro amarillo y con un filtro ámbar para limitar o eliminar los espectros azules de luz emitidos) y un control sin luz en un sitio de bosque bajo en el norte de la Amazonía peruana, previamente sin iluminación artificial.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Reducing the blue spectrum of artificial light at night minimises insect attraction in a tropical lowland forest

Deichmann

Gatty

Navarro

et al. 2021

Insect Conserv Diversity

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“…High-frequency flicker above the conventionally accepted human CFF (∼60 Hz) may be stressful for production and laboratory animals, especially birds, and even for humans (Kuller and Lalke, 1998; Inger et al, 2014 ; Gladin and Kavtarashvili, 2021 ). Another line of applied flicker research has the goal to find parameters that may specifically attract (for traps) or repel (for home lighting) obnoxious insect species ( Chu et al, 2006 ; Barroso et al, 2015 ; Wilson et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Variation In the Time Scale Of Retinal Responses Between Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal vision: measures, mechanisms and meaning

Donner

2021

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Time is largely a hidden variable in vision. It is the condition for seeing interesting things such as spatial forms and patterns, colours and movements in the external world, and yet is not meant to be noticed in itself. Temporal aspects of visual processing have received comparatively little attention in research. Temporal properties have been made explicit mainly in measurements of resolution and integration in simple tasks such as detection of spatially homogeneous flicker or light pulses of varying duration. Only through a mechanistic understanding of their basis in retinal photoreceptors and circuits can such measures guide modelling of natural vision in different species and illuminate functional and evolutionary trade-offs. Temporal vision research would benefit from bridging traditions that speak different languages. Towards that goal, I here review studies from the fields of human psychophysics, retinal physiology and neuroethology, with a focus on fundamental constraints set by early vision.

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“…A potential interference between the traps could, however, still have played a role. These observations suggest that background olfactory cues may reduce the attraction ranges and efficiency of the traps (Wilson et al, 2021). Light traps with shorter ranges of attractions, e.g., the CDC trap, may be appropriate for the evaluation of the effectiveness of control methods implemented to prevent Culicoides from entering stables, as it will lower the possibility of midges being artificially attracted to the trap from outside the stable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In evaluating parity results, as obtained by light trapping, it must be considered that orbivirus infections may render infected females adverse to light and that light traps may underestimate the parous rate in field populations (McDermott & Mullens, 2017). Larger catches may, however, increase the chances of finding infected females (Bishop et al, 2004;Wilson et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to relative ease of use and minimal influence from human error various models of light traps, albeit with variable levels of efficiency, have become the most extensive tools used to monitor Culicoides abundance (Venter et al, 2009;Del Río et al, 2013;Probst et al, 2015;Wilson et al, 2021). Currently, the two most commonly traps used are the Onderstepoort-(OP) and the Centres for Disease Control (CDC) downdraft traps with UV light (McDermott & Lysyk, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of the efficiency of the Onderstepoort‐ and Centres for Disease Control ultraviolet light traps for the collection of livestock associated Culicoides species in South Africa

Venter

Sebitsang

Swart

et al. 2021

Medical Vet Entomology

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Comparative monitoring of the abundance and distribution of Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), the biological vectors of the causative agents of several diseases of global veterinary importance, will be crucial in determining the risk of disease outbreak and spread. Ultraviolet (UV) suction traps have become the most frequent method used for the monitoring of Culicoides diversity and abundance. The current study compared the trapping efficiency of the two most used UV suction light traps, i.e., the Onderstepoort (OP)-and the Centres for Disease Control trap, for the collection of livestock associated Culicoides species in South Africa. The study confirmed the superiority of the OP trap and indicated a correlation in species composition and age grading results as determine with the two trap types. Substantial variations in the comparative trap efficiency, as found between areas and sites within an area, suggest that a universal conversion factor between the two trap types may not be advisable as it is unclear to what extent species composition and environmental factors may influence the conversion factor. Light traps, independent of trap model, can be considered acceptable for determining the serial comparison of population numbers for seasonal fluctuation and species abundance in distribution surveys.

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Artificial light and biting flies: the parallel development of attractive light traps and unattractive domestic lights

Cited by 18 publications

References 102 publications

Reducing the blue spectrum of artificial light at night minimises insect attraction in a tropical lowland forest

Reducing the blue spectrum of artificial light at night minimises insect attraction in a tropical lowland forest

Temporal vision: measures, mechanisms and meaning

Comparison of the efficiency of the Onderstepoort‐ and Centres for Disease Control ultraviolet light traps for the collection of livestock associated Culicoides species in South Africa

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