Artificial Intelligence Methods for Analysis and Optimization of CHP Cogeneration Units Based on Landfill Biogas as a Progress in Improving Energy Efficiency and Limiting Climate Change

Abstract

Combined heat and power generation is the simultaneous conversion of primary energy (in the form of fuel) in a technical system into useful thermal and mechanical energy (as the basis for the generation of electricity). This method of energy conversion offers a high degree of efficiency (i.e., very efficient conversion of fuel to useful energy). In the context of energy system transformation, combined heat and power (CHP) is a fundamental pillar and link between the volatile electricity market and the heat market, which enables better planning. This article presents an advanced model for the production of fuel mixtures based on landfill biogas in the context of energy use in CHP units. The search for optimal technological solutions in energy management requires specialized domain-specific knowledge which, using advanced algorithmic models, has the potential to become an essential element in real-time intelligent ICT systems. Numerical modeling makes it possible to build systems based on the knowledge of complex systems, processes, and equipment in a relatively short time. The focus was on analyzing the applicability of algorithmic models based on artificial intelligence implemented in the supervisory control systems (SCADA-type systems including Virtual SCADA) of technological processes in waste management systems. The novelty of the presented solution is the application of predictive diagnostic tools based on multithreaded polymorphic models, supporting making decisions that control complex technological processes and objects and solving the problem of optimal control for intelligent dynamic objects with a logical representation of knowledge about the process, the control object, and the control, for which the learning process consists of successive validation and updating of knowledge and using the results of this updating to determine control decisions.

Evaluation of the Activity of a Municipal Waste Landfill Site in the Operational and Non-Operational Sectors Based on Landfill Gas Productivity

“…In Europe, biogas recovered from landfill sites accounts for approximately 17% [50]. The essential parameters of biogas as a fuel include elemental composition, calorific value, minimum demand for air for combustion, flammability, and methane number values [51]. An organised collection of biogas from landfills results in reduced emissions.…”

The Analysis of the Main Geospatial Factors Using Geoinformation Programs Required for the Planning, Design and Construction of a Photovoltaic Power Plant

“…A key element when designing and selecting a site for a renewable energy investment is the type of energy source used. This mainly concerns the selection of the location of a given investment and, in particular, its inconvenience to the environment (biogas plants, landfills, wind power plants), the diversity of construction works (hydroelectric plants, high enthalpy geothermal, biomass boiler plants), the complexity of technological processes (biogas-tobiomethane conversion), or the required surface area and proper land (photovoltaic, wind farms) [Ligus, 2017;Gaska et al, 2023]. With the above in mind, access to selected geospatial data for the selected location and the relationships between them are crucial [Kochanek, 2015, Litwin et al, 2022 when planning and designing a RES structure such as a photovoltaic farm [Piotrowska-Woroniak, 2015; Knutel et al, 2020; https://ieo.…”

Methodology for Modernizing Local Gas-Fired District Heating Systems into a Central District Heating System Using Gas-Fired Cogeneration Engines—A Case Study

“…In paper [47], a procedure for optimizing a CHP source fired with landfill biogas was presented. The results showed that waste fuel can be used in this way, and therefore additional reductions in CO 2 emissions can be made to the benefit of the natural environment.…”