Artificial intelligence in medicine

Abstract

A rtificial intelligence (AI) is defined as 'a field of science and engineering concerned with the computational understanding of what is commonly called intelligent behaviour, and with the creation of artefacts that exhibit such behaviour'.1 Aristotle attempted to formalise 'right thinking' (logic) through his syllogisms (a three part deductive reasoning). Much of the work in the modern era was inspired by this and the early studies on the operation of mind helped to establish contemporary logical thinking. Programs which enable computers to function in the ways, that make people seem intelligent are called artificial intelligent systems. The British mathematician Alan Turing (1950) was one of the founders of modern computer science and AI. He defined intelligent behaviour in a computer as the ability to achieve human-level performance in cognitive tasks, this later became popular as the 'Turing test'.2 Since the middle of the last century, researchers have explored the potential applications of intelligent techniques in every field of medicine.3,4 The application of AI technology in the field of surgery was first successively investigated by Gunn in 1976, when he explored the possibility of diagnosing acute abdominal pain with computer analysis. 5 The last two decades have seen a surge in the interest in medical AI.Modern medicine is faced with the challenge of acquiring, analysing and applying the large amount of knowledge necessary to solve complex clinical problems. The development of medical artificial intelligence has been related to the development of AI programs intended Artificial intelligence in medicine AN

Models for prediction of mortality from cirrhosis with special reference to artificial neural network: a critical review

“…Neural networks lack centralized control in the classical sense, since all the interconnected processing elements change or ''adapt'' simultaneously with the flow of information and adaptive rules [41][42][43]. Several reviews on ANN have been published recently [41,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50]. Although there are several types of neural networks, multilayer perceptron is the most commonly used network.…”

Guest editorial: special issue on “Artificial Intelligence in Health and Medicine”

“…We also extend our thanks to all reviewers for their hard work to ensure the high quality of accepted papers. 1 Centre for Applied Informatics, College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia. 2 Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan.…”

“…With the rapid advance of technology, AI techniques are being effectively used in the fields of health and medicine to improve the efficiency of treatments and avoid the risks of false diagnosis, the making of therapeutic decisions and the prediction of outcome in many clinical scenarios. Modern medicine is faced with the challenge of acquiring, analysing and applying the large amount of knowledge necessary to solve complex problems [1]. AI in health and medicine mainly uses computer techniques to perform clinical diagnoses and suggest treatments.…”

Metanálise do uso de redes bayesianas no diagnóstico de câncer de mama

“…Computational intelligence methods, such as Bayesian networks, have been introduced into clinical practice with the primary aims of assisting physicians in the diagnostic process by preparing therapeutic decisions and predicting various outcomes 39 .…”