Artificial Intelligence as a Tool to Study the 3D Skeletal Architecture in Newly Settled Coral Recruits: Insights into the Effects of Ocean Acidification on Coral Biomineralization

Scucchia, Federica; Sauer, Katrein; Zaslansky, Paul; Mass, Tali

doi:10.3390/jmse10030391

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Data normalization and reconstruction were performed according to the steps detailed in ref. 93 . In brief, data were normalized to account for beam inhomogeneities by background-correcting the radiograms with best-fitting (minimum variance) empty beam (flat-field) images, and by subtraction of dark-current images.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role and risks of selective adaptation in extreme coral habitats

et al. 2023

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The alarming rate of climate change demands new management strategies to protect coral reefs. Environments such as mangrove lagoons, characterized by extreme variations in multiple abiotic factors, are viewed as potential sources of stress-tolerant corals for strategies such as assisted evolution and coral propagation. However, biological trade-offs for adaptation to such extremes are poorly known. Here, we investigate the reef-building coral Porites lutea thriving in both mangrove and reef sites and show that stress-tolerance comes with compromises in genetic and energetic mechanisms and skeletal characteristics. We observe reduced genetic diversity and gene expression variability in mangrove corals, a disadvantage under future harsher selective pressure. We find reduced density, thickness and higher porosity in coral skeletons from mangroves, symptoms of metabolic energy redirection to stress response functions. These findings demonstrate the need for caution when utilizing stress-tolerant corals in human interventions, as current survival in extremes may compromise future competitive fitness.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role and risks of selective adaptation in extreme coral habitats

et al. 2023

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“…With regards to native biomineral scaffolds, finite element simulations were used to evaluate the hierarchical siliceous skeletal lattice of the sea sponge Euplectella aspergillum, finding that irregular and overlapping substructures enhanced local energy absorption to increase the global strength and stiffness of the geometries (Figure B) . In this space, machine learning methods have been applied toward image segmentation and analysis, − especially to elucidate the complex hierarchical arrangement of biomineralized structures . In one case, a CNN was used to analyze nacreous architecture in high-resolution tomography images of the bivalve Unio pictorum in 3D (Figure C).…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Design and Manufacturing of Sustainable Materials through First-Principles and Materiomics

et al. 2023

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Engineered materials are ubiquitous throughout society and are critical to the development of modern technology, yet many current material systems are inexorably tied to widespread deterioration of ecological processes. Next-generation material systems can address goals of environmental sustainability by providing alternatives to fossil fuel-based materials and by reducing destructive extraction processes, energy costs, and accumulation of solid waste. However, development of sustainable materials faces several key challenges including investigation, processing, and architecting of new feedstocks that are often relatively mechanically weak, complex, and difficult to characterize or standardize. In this review paper, we outline a framework for examining sustainability in material systems and discuss how recent developments in modeling, machine learning, and other computational tools can aid the discovery of novel sustainable materials. We consider these through the lens of materiomics, an approach that considers material systems holistically by incorporating perspectives of all relevant scales, beginning with first-principles approaches and extending through the macroscale to consider sustainable material design from the bottom-up. We follow with an examination of how computational methods are currently applied to select examples of sustainable material development, with particular emphasis on bioinspired and biobased materials, and conclude with perspectives on opportunities and open challenges.

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“…Scucchia and coauthors (this issue) [21] present a new artificial-intelligence-based method for assessing the effects of OA on the internal three-dimensional structure of coral skeletons. Numerous prior studies have shown that acidification can impact coral skeletal structure across a range of spatial scales [22][23][24].…”

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confidence: 99%