Artificial intelligence and pediatrics: A synthetic mini review

Kokol, Peter; Završnik, Jernej; Vošner, Helena Blažun

doi:10.15761/pd.1000155

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…One reason for this could be purely practical, as e-health applications are not yet very pediatrician-friendly and require specific knowledge and information technologies that have yet to be deployed (cf. Kokol et al, 2017 : 4). This is in line with the typical pattern that an increase of medical knowledge usually first leads to practical improvements for adults and is only later implemented in the field of pediatrics.…”

Section: E-health In Preventive Health Care In General and In Pediatr...mentioning

confidence: 98%

Ethical Implications of e-Health Applications in Early Preventive Healthcare

Stake

Heinrichs²

2022

Front. Genet.

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As a means of preventive medicine early detection and prevention examinations can identify and treat possible health disorders or abnormalities from an early age onwards. However, pediatric examinations are often widely spaced, and thus only snapshots of the children’s and adolescents’ developments are obtained. With e-health applications parents and adolescents could record developmental parameters much more frequently and regularly and transmit data directly for ongoing evaluation. AI technologies could be used to search for new and previously unknown patterns. Although e-health applications could improve preventive healthcare, there are serious concerns about the unlimited use of big data in medicine. Such concerns range from general skepticism about big data in medicine to specific challenges and risks in certain medical areas. In this paper, we will focus on preventive health care in pediatrics and explore ethical implications of e-health applications. Specifically, we will address opportunities and risks of app-based data collection and AI-based data evaluation for complementing established early detection and prevention examinations. To this end, we will explore the principle of the best interest of the child. Furthermore, we shall argue that difficult trade-offs need to be made between group benefit on the one hand and individual autonomy and privacy on the other.

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Section: E-health In Preventive Health Care In General and In Pediatr...mentioning

confidence: 98%

Ethical Implications of e-Health Applications in Early Preventive Healthcare

Stake

Heinrichs²

2022

Front. Genet.

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“…First coined [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] in 1956 by John McCarthy, artificial intelligence (AI) is an interdisciplinary field of computer science that involves the use of computers to develop systems able to perform tasks that are generally associated with intelligence in the intuitive sense. The rise of "big data," alongside the development of increasingly complex algorithms and enhanced computational power and storage capabilities, has contributed to the recent surge in AI-based technologies.…”

Section: Overview Of Artificial Intelligencementioning

confidence: 99%

An Introduction to Artificial Intelligence in Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics

Aylward

Abbas

Taraman

et al. 2022

J Dev Behav Pediatr

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Technological breakthroughs, together with the rapid growth of medical information and improved data connectivity, are creating dramatic shifts in the health care landscape, including the field of developmental and behavioral pediatrics. While medical information took an estimated 50 years to double in 1950, by 2020, it was projected to double every 73 days. Artificial intelligence (AI)-powered health technologies, once considered theoretical or research-exclusive concepts, are increasingly being granted regulatory approval and integrated into clinical care. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration has cleared or approved over 160 health-related AI-based devices to date. These trends are only likely to accelerate as economic investment in AI health care outstrips investment in other sectors. The exponential increase in peer-reviewed AI-focused health care publications year over year highlights the speed of growth in this sector. As health care moves toward an era of intelligent technology powered by rich medical information, pediatricians will increasingly be asked to engage with tools and systems underpinned by AI. However, medical students and practicing clinicians receive insufficient training and lack preparedness for transitioning into a more AI-informed future. This article provides a brief primer on AI in health care. Underlying AI principles and key performance metrics are described, and the clinical potential of AI-driven technology together with potential pitfalls is explored within the developmental and behavioral pediatric health context.

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“…Kokol and colleagues 43 reviewed AI in pediatrics from a bibliometric perspective and, using a thematic analysis, identified 6 domains in the literature (Table 1). Through data-generated evidence, clinical decision-support systems (CDSSs) can be set up to improve health care delivery and health.…”

Section: Big Data Artificial Intelligence and Predictive Analysis: Co...mentioning

confidence: 99%