Artificial intelligence and art: Identifying the aesthetic judgment factors that distinguish human- and machine-generated artwork.

Abstract

Artistic creation has traditionally been thought to be a uniquely human ability. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), however, have enabled algorithms to create art that is nearly indistinguishable from human artwork. Existing research suggests that people have a bias against AI artwork but cannot accurately identify it in blind comparisons. The current study extends this investigation to examine the aesthetic judgment factors differentiating human and machine art. Results indicate that people are unable to accurately identify artwork source but prefer human art and experience more positive emotions in response to human artwork. The aesthetic judgment factors differentiating human-and machine-generated art were all related to positive emotionality. This finding has several implications for this research area and limitation and avenues for future research are discussed.

Can human intelligence safeguard against artificial intelligence? Exploring individual differences in the discernment of human from AI texts

“…20 , 21 However, in studies using newer gAI models, human evaluators are frequently no better than random chance. 22 – 26 Interestingly, judgment accuracy can be near chance even when participants’ self-report high degrees of certainty about the source, a finding that replicates in work with AI-generated faces, 22 , 23 videos, 27 artworks, 28 , 29 poetry, 30 , 31 and texts. 25 , 26 While several factors, including the overall length of a text, 21 can influence evaluation accuracy and dictate how credible or trustworthy human evaluators find the AI-outputs, 32 – 34 it’s clear that modern gAIs are very often able to fool human evaluators.…”

The current state of artificial intelligence generative language models is more creative than humans on divergent thinking tasks

“…For instance, people think more highly of generated artworks if they were told the artworks were created by humans but not AI 21 , 22 . The expectancy that AI generated products or ideas are less creative or hold less aesthetic value than human-created artworks appear to depend on implicit anti-AI biases 22 – 24 , as AI has been found to be indistinguishable from human-created products 25 – 27 . People’s inability to distinguish between human and AI-created products supports the feasibility of AI having creative potential.…”

Artificial Intelligence is More Creative Than Humans: A Cognitive Science Perspective on the Current State of Generative Language Models

“…For instance, in two studies, people were shown a series of AI-created artworks, but were told that the pieces were either human-created or AI-created, with results showing that in general, people thought more highly of the artworks if they were told the artworks were created by humans (Bellaiche et al, 2023;Chiarella et al, 2022). The expectancy that AI-created products or ideas are less creative or hold less aesthetic value than human-created artworks appear to depend on implicit anti-AI biases (Chiarella et al, 2022;Fortuna & Modliński, 2021;Liu et al, 2022), as AI has been found to be indistinguishable from human-created products (Chamberlain et al, 2018;Gao et al, 2023;Samo & Highhouse, 2023).…”