Artificial incubation of bird eggs at the Zoological Society of San Diego

Kuehler, Cynthia M.; Good, Jackie

doi:10.1111/j.1748-1090.1990.tb03340.x

Cited by 17 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This difference is generally considered to be a consequence of the difficulty in simulating natural incubation conditions (Deeming, 2002; Klimstra et al ., 2009), as well as the possibly increased risk of trans‐shell infections in artificially incubated eggs compared to parentally incubated eggs (Cook et al ., 2005; Rideout, 2012; Assersohn et al ., 2021 b ). In addition, the eggs of different species may require particular artificial incubation conditions (Kuehler & Good, 1990; Klimstra et al ., 2009) and information on these optimal conditions, if known, may not be easily or openly available, resulting in the use of unsuitable incubation parameters and subsequent higher rates of hatching failure. There is some evidence that captive‐laid eggs have lower hatching success than wild‐laid eggs under artificial incubation (Burnham, 1983; van Heezik et al ., 2005) which could be contributing to our results, but a repeated analysis excluding captive populations still showed a significantly higher rate of hatching failure for eggs undergoing artificial incubation (Table S23, Appendix S11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of avian hatching failure and implications for conservation

et al. 2023

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Avian hatching failure is a widespread phenomenon, affecting around 10% of all eggs that are laid and not lost to predation, damage, or desertion. Our understanding of hatching failure is limited in terms of both its underpinning mechanisms and its occurrence across different populations. It is widely acknowledged that rates of hatching failure are higher in threatened species and in populations maintained in captivity compared to wild, non-threatened species, but these differences have rarely been quantified and any broader patterns remain unexplored. To examine the associations between threat status, management interventions, and hatching failure across populations we conducted a phylogenetically controlled multilevel meta-analysis across 231 studies and 241 species of birds. Our data set included both threatened (Critically Endangered, Endangered, and Vulnerable) and non-threatened (Near Threatened and Least Concern) species across wild and captive populations, as well as 'wild managed' ('free-living') populations. We found the mean overall rate of hatching failure across all populations to be 16.79%, with the hatching failure rate of wild, non-threatened species being 12.40%. We found that populations of threatened species experienced significantly higher mean hatching failure than populations of non-threatened species. Different levels of management were also associated with different rates of hatching failure, with wild populations experiencing the lowest rate of hatching failure, followed by wild managed populations, and populations in captivity experiencing the highest rate. Similarly, populations that were subject to the specific management interventions of artificial incubation, supplementary feeding, and artificial nest provision displayed significantly higher rates of hatching failure than populations without these interventions. The driver of this correlation between hatching failure and management remains unclear, but could be an indirect result of threatened species being more likely to have lower hatching success and also being more likely to be subject to management, indicating that conservation efforts are fittingly being focused towards the species potentially most at risk from extinction. This is the most comprehensive comparative analysis of avian hatching failure that has been conducted to date, and the first to quantify explicitly how threat status and management are associated with the rate of hatching failure in a population. We discuss the implications of our results, focusing on their potential applications to conservation. Although we identified several factors clearly associated with variation in hatching failure, a significant amount of heterogeneity was not explained by our meta-analytical model, indicating that other factors influencing hatching failure were not included here. We discuss what these factors might be and suggest avenues for further research. Finally, we discuss the inconsistency in how hatching failure is defined and reported within the literature, and propose a stan...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of avian hatching failure and implications for conservation

et al. 2023

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“…For many bird species in captivity appropriate artificial incubation procedures have not been devel-oped. This may be due to lack of cooperation between bird breeders or reluctance to experiment on valuable eggs (Kuehler & Good 1990). Observation of natural incubation could inform artificial Ornis Fennica 93: 137145.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nesting behaviour of Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) females kept in aviaries

Rosenberger,

Lukaszewicz,

Kowalczyk

et al. 2016

Ornis Fenn

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For many bird species in captivity the best practice for incubation procedures have not been yet developed. This is hampered by a lack of cooperation between bird breeders or by a reluctance to experiment on valuable eggs. The last two problems may be solved by observation of natural incubation, which technology has made a lot easier. Many studies document incubation behavior: daily time spend in the nest, preferred hours of making abscences, egg turning rate and incubation temperature. Such data is scientifically interesting but also allows for better protection of endangered species through development of captive breeding programmes. The Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) is a threatened species over much of its European range and various conservation actions are being taken to save populations from global or local extinction. Our study took place in Capercaillie Breeding Centre in Wisla Forestry District and describes nesting and incubation behaviour of Capercaillie females kept in captivity. Our aim was to better document the nesting behaviour by recording egg turning rate, and the time and length of incubation recesses. Time of and day of incubation had no significant influence on recess length, but the number of recesses was related with time of day with two peaks at 06:00h and 18:00h . Egg turning activity was the greates during the first and last two days of incubation but generally consistent throughout the rest of incubation. Captive hens spent less time outside of the nest than wild ones, their absences were shorter, rarer and took place mostly in the evening. However, differences in the preferred absence hours were not as clearly markes as in the case of wild birds. We hope that this information will help improve management practises to maximise the reproductive output of captive Capercaillie.

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Artificial incubation, hand-rearing, behavior, and release of common 'Amakihi(Hemignathus virens virens): Surrogate research for restoration of endangered Hawaiian forest birds

Kuehler¹,

Kuhn²,

Kuhn³

et al. 1996

Zoo Biol.

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In order to test the effectiveness of captive‐rearing and release strategies for future restoration of birds in Hawai'i, this pilot study was conducted in forests where introduced avian disease and mammalian predators were present. Methodology used resulted in the first successful hatching of Drepanidinae eggs in an incubator and subsequent hand‐rearing of chicks from hatch. Sixteen Common 'Amakihi (Hemignathus virens virens) (mean hatch weight = 1.4 g) were hand‐reared. Two different reintroduction strategies were evaluated for small honeycreepers. Known mortality in the wild after release was due to mosquito‐transmitted disease (avian malaria and pox). This pilot study shows that the techniques necessary to hatch, rear, and release endangered Hawaiian honeycreepers are available. However, restoration efforts will probably not succeed unless mosquito‐free, predator‐controlled reintroduction sites are available or strategies are developed to decrease mortality in naive honeycreepers exposed to disease after release. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Artificial incubation of bird eggs at the Zoological Society of San Diego

Cited by 17 publications

References 30 publications

Systematic review of avian hatching failure and implications for conservation

Systematic review of avian hatching failure and implications for conservation

Nesting behaviour of Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) females kept in aviaries

Artificial incubation, hand-rearing, behavior, and release of common 'Amakihi(Hemignathus virens virens): Surrogate research for restoration of endangered Hawaiian forest birds

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