Artificial extracellular matrix scaffolds of mobile molecules enhance maturation of human stem cell-derived neurons

Supramolecular presentation of bioinstructive peptides on soft multilayered nanobiomaterials stimulates neurite outgrowth

“…53 Noteworthy, the HA/K 2 PA–IKVAV co-assembled system denoted a Bragg peak at 18.6° ( d -spacing of 4.75 Å), which was not observed in the case of the HA/K 2 PA system. This signal indicates crystalline ordering of the molecules in a β-sheet arrangement assigned to the β-sheet inter-strand spacing, 6,54 suggesting a higher degree of β-sheet packing when compared with the HA/K 2 PA co-assembly.…”

“…To support biological activities and achieve an efficient therapeutic solution for enabling neuronal regeneration, the molecular composition, structure, bioactive cues, fibrous architecture and dynamic nature of the native neural extracellular matrix (ECM) supramolecular landscape can be emulated by the self-assembled ECM-mimetic bioactive nanoarchitectures. 3–6…”

“…24 Furthermore, their peptide sequence can be rationally designed and customized to impart any biofunctionality to enable desired cellular responses. 6,25 In the literature one can find several studies that highlight the bottom-up nanofabrication of tunable PA-derived supramolecular matrices to control cell-biomaterial interactions for multiple tissue engineering strategies, 26,27 including nerve tissue regeneration. 28,29…”

“…To support biological activities and achieve an efficient therapeutic solution for enabling neuronal regeneration, the molecular composition, structure, bioactive cues, fibrous architecture and dynamic nature of the native neural extracellular matrix (ECM) supramolecular landscape can be emulated by the self-assembled ECM-mimetic bioactive nanoarchitectures. [3][4][5][6] Recently, the rational design of supramolecular nanostructures together with tissue engineering efforts have paved the way for the development of neural ECM-mimetic supramolecular polymeric biomaterials, enlisted with biophysical, biochemical, mechanical and structural features to modulate the local lesion microenvironment, ultimately resulting in the development of biofunctional neural tissues. [7][8][9][10] To date, a variety of methods have been employed to bioengineer relevant nanofibrous ECM-mimetic multicomponent scaffolds, including molecular self-assembly, [11][12][13][14] phase separation, 15,16 and electrospinning.…”

Facile In Situ Assembly of Nanofibers within Three-Dimensional Porous Matrices with Arbitrary Characteristics for Creating Biomimetic Architectures

“…The natural extracellular matrix (ECM) provides an optimal microenvironment for cell and tissue growth and plays a pivotal role in maintaining the integrity and function of tissues and organs. − It is composed of proteins and polysaccharides with retained water and other molecules. ,, The ECM is a porous three-dimensional (3D) nano/microfibrous network with interconnected multilevel pores, where the large pores provide space for cell migration and growth and the small pores promote the transport of oxygen, nutrients, and metabolic waste. ,,− Many of the ECM fibers (such as collagen fibers) present in a hierarchical structure, with one single fiber composed of a bundle of thinner fibers (i.e., fibrils) aligned along the long fiber axis. ,,, The nano/microfibers maintain the ECM integrity, provide mechanical support, and regulate cell behaviors and functions. ,,, In vitro recapitulation of the ECM’s features is crucial to providing strategies for the design and development of 3D biomimetic matrices for diverse biomedical applications.…”