Artificial exosomes as tools for basic and clinical immunology

Peña, Hugo De La; Madrigal, J. Alejandro; Rusakiewicz, Sylvie; Bencsik, Martin; Cave, Gareth W. V.; Selman, Ali; Rees, Robert C.; Travers, Paul; Dodi, IA

doi:10.1016/j.jim.2009.03.011

Cited by 77 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Dex could substitute or boost other strategies of immunotherapy or be used as a maintenance vaccine. However, future prospects should aim at designing and engineering synthetic exosomes for broader therapeutic indications as has been recently proposed (43).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dendritic Cell-Derived Exosomes for Cancer Immunotherapy: What's Next?

Viaud

Théry²,

Ploix³

et al. 2010

Cancer Research

285

193

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Exosomes are nanovesicles originating from late endosomal compartments and secreted by most living cells in ex vivo cell culture conditions. The interest in exosomes was rekindled when B-cell and dendritic cell-derived exosomes were shown to mediate MHC-dependent immune responses. Despite limited understanding of exosome biogenesis and physiological relevance, accumulating evidence points to their bioactivity culminating in clinical applications in cancer. This review focuses on the preclinical studies exploiting the immunogenicity of dendritic cell-derived exosomes (Dex) and will elaborate on the past and future vaccination trials conducted using Dex strategy in melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer patients.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dendritic Cell-Derived Exosomes for Cancer Immunotherapy: What's Next?

Viaud

Théry²,

Ploix³

et al. 2010

Cancer Research

285

193

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“…Proof for the benefi t for drug developers is best exemplifi ed by the recent development of artifi cial exosomes. These are liposomes coated with MHC-peptide complexes and Fab regions against T cell receptors to mediate cell surface adhesion [63,64]. Presumably, many further experiments will be inspired by lessons of natural EVs that successfully overcame evolutional challenges.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microencapsulation technology by nature: Cell derived extracellular vesicles with therapeutic potential

Kittel¹,

Falus²,

Buzás³

2013

European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

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Cell derived extracellular vesicles are submicron structures surrounded by phospholipid bilayer and released by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The sizes of these vesicles roughly fall into the size ranges of microbes, and they represent efficient delivery platforms targeting complex molecular information to professional antigen presenting cells. Critical roles of these naturally formulated units of information have been described in many physiological and pathological processes. Extracellular vesicles are not only potential biomarkers and possible pathogenic factors in numerous diseases, but they are also considered as emerging therapeutic targets and therapeutic vehicles. Strikingly, current drug delivery systems, designed to convey therapeutic proteins and peptides (such as liposomes), show many similarities to extracellular vesicles. Here we review some aspects of therapeutic implementation of natural, cell-derived extracellular vesicles in human diseases. Exploration of molecular and functional details of extracellular vesicle release and action may provide important lessons for the design of future drug delivery systems.

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“…A preliminary purification step is required in order to remove unconjugated biomolecules. For this purpose, the authors have used classical separation methods, such as ultracentrifugation [102] or gel filtration [15,103] (SEC) with high exclusion limit resins (Sepharose CL-2B, 4B mainly). Dialysis, however, is not used due to the high molecular weight of biomolecules selected for mimicking exosomes.…”

Section: Top-down and Bottom-up Methods For The Development Of Full Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most frequent preparation technique for SUVs as templates for EVs mimicking is the TFH method combined with extrusion over polycarbonate membranes and with [102] or without [15] previous freeze–thaw cycles. Martínez-Lostao et al [102] had a formulation that included lipids and stoichiometry inspired in natural exosomes.…”

Section: Top-down and Bottom-up Methods For The Development Of Full Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic biomaterials based on extracellular vesicles: classification of bio‐engineering and mimetic preparation routes

García‐Manrique

Matos

Gutiérrez

et al. 2018

J of Extracellular Vesicle

143

153

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as novel theranostic tools. Limitations related to clinical uses are leading to a new research area on design and manufacture of artificial EVs. Several strategies have been reported in order to produce artificial EVs, but there has not yet been a clear criterion by which to differentiate these novel biomaterials. In this paper, we suggest for the first time a systematic classification of the terms used to build up the artificial EV landscape, based on the preparation method. This could be useful to guide the derivation to clinical trial routes and to clarify the literature. According to our classification, we have reviewed the main strategies reported to date for their preparation, including key points such as: cargo loading, surface targeting strategies, purification steps, generation of membrane fragments for the construction of biomimetic materials, preparation of synthetic membranes inspired in EV composition and subsequent surface decoration.

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Artificial exosomes as tools for basic and clinical immunology

Cited by 77 publications

References 46 publications

Dendritic Cell-Derived Exosomes for Cancer Immunotherapy: What's Next?

Dendritic Cell-Derived Exosomes for Cancer Immunotherapy: What's Next?

Microencapsulation technology by nature: Cell derived extracellular vesicles with therapeutic potential

Therapeutic biomaterials based on extracellular vesicles: classification of bio‐engineering and mimetic preparation routes

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