Artificial Dim Light at Night during Pregnancy Can Affect Hormonal and Metabolic Rhythms in Rat Offspring

Dzirbikova, Zuzana; Stebelová, Katarína; Kováčová, Katarína; Okuliarova, Monika; Olexová, Lucia; Zeman, Michal

doi:10.3390/ijms232314544

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…First, the response to ALAN may depend on the onset of ALAN exposure (embryonic versus larval stage). Second, evidence shows that the parental exposure to ALAN imposes transgenerational effects on human foetuses (reviewed in [55]) and rat offspring [56]. Future research on how parental influence changes ALAN impacts on non-human animals could disentangle the role of genotypic variation, parental phenotype and its environment and give insight into potential selective pressure from ALAN.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of artificial light at night on the early life history of two ecosystem engineers

Tidau,

Brough,

Gimenez

et al. 2023

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Sessile marine invertebrates play a vital role as ecosystem engineers and in benthic–pelagic coupling. Most benthic fauna develop through larval stages and the importance of natural light cycles for larval biology and ecology is long-established. Natural light–dark cycles regulate two of the largest ocean-scale processes that are fundamental to larvae's life cycle: the timing of broadcast spawning for successful fertilization and diel vertical migration for foraging and predator avoidance. Given the reliance on light and the ecological role of larvae, surprisingly little is known about the impacts of artificial light at night (ALAN) on the early life history of habitat-forming species. We quantified ALAN impacts on larval performance (survival, growth, development) of two cosmopolitan ecosystem engineers in temperate marine ecosystems, the mussel Mytilus edulis and the barnacle Austrominius modestus . Higher ALAN irradiance reduced survival in both species (57% and 13%, respectively). ALAN effects on development and growth were small overall, and different between species, time-points and parentage. Our results show that ALAN adversely affects larval survival and reiterates the importance of paternal influence on offspring performance. ALAN impacts on the early life stages of ecosystem engineering species have implications not only for population viability but also the ecological communities that these species support. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Light pollution in complex ecological systems’.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of artificial light at night on the early life history of two ecosystem engineers

Tidau,

Brough,

Gimenez

et al. 2023

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…Dim light conditions at night (~2–5 lux) alter the daily rhythm of blood glucose concentrations, phase advance Glut2 expression in hepatocytes, and suppress rhythmicity of SCN clock genes in rats, 73,74 but do not seem to affect glucose tolerance 75 . In rats, mistimed artificial light during pregnancy altered glucose tolerance, reduced absolute melatonin levels, and induced a loss of the daily rhythm of corticosterone in both the mothers and the offspring 76,77 …”

Section: Circadian Desynchrony Disturbs Glucose Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian desynchrony and glucose metabolism

Speksnijder,

Bisschop,

Siegelaar

et al. 2024

Journal of Pineal Research

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The circadian timing system controls glucose metabolism in a time‐of‐day dependent manner. In mammals, the circadian timing system consists of the main central clock in the bilateral suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the anterior hypothalamus and subordinate clocks in peripheral tissues. The oscillations produced by these different clocks with a period of approximately 24‐h are generated by the transcriptional‐translational feedback loops of a set of core clock genes. Glucose homeostasis is one of the daily rhythms controlled by this circadian timing system. The central pacemaker in the SCN controls glucose homeostasis through its neural projections to hypothalamic hubs that are in control of feeding behavior and energy metabolism. Using hormones such as adrenal glucocorticoids and melatonin and the autonomic nervous system, the SCN modulates critical processes such as glucose production and insulin sensitivity. Peripheral clocks in tissues, such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue serve to enhance and sustain these SCN signals. In the optimal situation all these clocks are synchronized and aligned with behavior and the environmental light/dark cycle. A negative impact on glucose metabolism becomes apparent when the internal timing system becomes disturbed, also known as circadian desynchrony or circadian misalignment. Circadian desynchrony may occur at several levels, as the mistiming of light exposure or sleep will especially affect the central clock, whereas mistiming of food intake or physical activity will especially involve the peripheral clocks. In this review, we will summarize the literature investigating the impact of circadian desynchrony on glucose metabolism and how it may result in the development of insulin resistance. In addition, we will discuss potential strategies aimed at reinstating circadian synchrony to improve insulin sensitivity and contribute to the prevention of type 2 diabetes.

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“…ALAN exposure during pregnancy or the lactating period can impact the development of MEL rhythms during early ontogeny, imposing potential long-lasting effects on the sensitivity of the circadian system in adulthood. A recent study showed that the development of the plasma MEL rhythm was delayed in offspring born to female rats exposed to ALAN during pregnancy [ 76 ]. The possible importance of MEL during pregnancy is illustrated by the fact that its levels in pregnant women substantially increase from gestational week 32 and are normalised only after delivery [ 77 ].…”

Section: Melatoninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbances of Hormonal Circadian Rhythms by Light Pollution

Zeman

Okuliarova

Rumanova

2023

IJMS

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The circadian rhythms evolved to anticipate and cope with cyclic changes in environmental conditions. This adaptive function is currently compromised by increasing levels of artificial light at night (ALAN), which can represent a risk for the development of diseases of civilisation. The causal links are not completely understood, and this featured review focuses on the chronodisruption of the neuroendocrine control of physiology and behaviour by dim ALAN. The published data indicate that low levels of ALAN (2–5 lux) can attenuate the molecular mechanisms generating circadian rhythms in the central oscillator, eliminate the rhythmic changes in dominant hormonal signals, such as melatonin, testosterone and vasopressin, and interfere with the circadian rhythm of the dominant glucocorticoid corticosterone in rodents. These changes are associated with a disturbed daily pattern of metabolic changes and behavioural rhythms in activity and food and water intake. The increasing levels of ALAN require the identification of the pathways mediating possible negative consequences on health to design effective mitigation strategies to eliminate or minimise the effects of light pollution.

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Artificial Dim Light at Night during Pregnancy Can Affect Hormonal and Metabolic Rhythms in Rat Offspring

Cited by 9 publications

References 64 publications

Impacts of artificial light at night on the early life history of two ecosystem engineers

Impacts of artificial light at night on the early life history of two ecosystem engineers

Circadian desynchrony and glucose metabolism

Disturbances of Hormonal Circadian Rhythms by Light Pollution

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