Artificial coral reefs as a localised approach to increase fish biodiversity and abundance along the North Bali coastline

Boakes, Zach; Hall, Alice E; Jones, Georgia CA; Prasetijo, Rahmadi; Stafford, Richard; Yahya, Yunaldi

doi:10.3934/geosci.2022018

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 61 publications

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“…Previous studies reported that biofouling occurs more rapidly on the rough surface of the artificial reef than on the smooth surface. The increasing attachment of marine biota using diversity index indicators can reach 20% on artificial reefs using cockle shell waste material compared to pure concrete materials [25]- [27]. The closing event of community service in Mutiara Beach is captured by a memorable moment in FIGURE 17.…”

Section: Evaluating the Results Of Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal Community Empowerment Recovery of cockle shell waste into eco-friendly artificial reefs in Mutiara Beach Trenggalek Indonesia

Apriani,

Anggara Trisna Nugraha,

Utomo

et al. 2022

Frontiers in Community Service and Empowerment

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The community empowerment activity is conducted in the form of training of trainers (TOT) and mentoring for the community of Mutiara Beach, Trenggalek, East Java. Trenggalek Regency has regional dominance of mountains and hills is located in the southern part of East Java Province. The improvement of facilities at Mutiara Beach is increasingly being improved in line with one hundred tourist programs. The marine environment must be maintained to remain sustainable and can support tourism, one of which is by maintaining conservation of coral reefs. The existing condition of coral reef was stressed and needs to be restored. Artificial reefs can also be made of concrete mixed with cockle shells that have not been used so far. The concept of processing cockle shell waste emerged by reusing it as a mixture of material and as a roughage material for artificial reefs. The purpose of community empowerment is to give training for local community as a trainer for sustainability transfer knowledge. Method to achieve the goal using socialization, giving brief explanation and directly hands-on practice. Artificial reef has been manufactured from TOT, analyzed to compare with criteria design in order to decide the success of TOT has been achieved. TOT resulting trainers from Pokmaswas as a leader to produce artificial reef with local community. The trainers were success to manage local community with resulting seven artificial reefs with their creativity. Local community was able to identify alternative material in order to change cockle shell with coral flakes carried by tide sea.

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Section: Evaluating the Results Of Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal Community Empowerment Recovery of cockle shell waste into eco-friendly artificial reefs in Mutiara Beach Trenggalek Indonesia

Apriani,

Anggara Trisna Nugraha,

Utomo

et al. 2022

Frontiers in Community Service and Empowerment

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Nutrient dynamics, carbon storage and community composition on artificial and natural reefs in Bali, Indonesia

Boakes,

Suryaputra,

Hall

et al. 2023

Mar Biol

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Artificial reefs are now commonly used as a tool to restore degraded coral reefs and have a proven potential to enhance biodiversity. Despite this, there is currently a limited understanding of ecosystem functioning on artificial reefs, and how this compares to natural reefs. We used water sampling (bottom water sampling and pore water sampling), as well as surface sediment sampling and sediment traps, to examine the storage of total organic matter (as a measure of total organic carbon) and dynamics of dissolved inorganic nitrate, nitrite, phosphate and ammonium. These biogeochemical parameters were used as measures of ecosystem functioning, which were compared between an artificial reef and natural coral reef, as well as a degraded sand flat (as a control habitat), in Bali, Indonesia. We also linked the differences in these parameters to observable changes in the community structure of mobile, cryptobenthic and benthic organisms between habitat types. Our key findings showed: (1) there were no significant differences in inorganic nutrients between habitat types for bottom water samples, (2) pore water phosphate concentrations were significantly higher on the artificial reef than on both other habitats, (3) total organic matter content in sediments was significantly higher on the coral reef than both other habitat types, and (4) total organic matter in sediment traps in sampling periods May and September were higher on coral reefs than other habitats, but no differences were found in November. Overall, in terms of ecosystem functioning (specifically nutrient storage and dynamics), the artificial reef showed differences from the nearby degraded sand flat, and appeared to have some similarities with the coral reef. However, it was shown to not yet be fully functioning as the coral reef, which we hypothesise is due its relatively less complex benthic community and different fish community. We highlight the need for longer term studies on artificial reef functioning, to assess if these habitats can replace the ecological function of coral reefs at a local level.

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Can Coral Reef Restoration Programmes Facilitate Changes in Environmental Attitudes? A Case Study on a Rural Fisher Community in North Bali, Indonesia

Boakes,

Mahyuni,

Hall

et al. 2023

Hum Ecol

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There is currently limited research assessing the ecological potential of coral restoration programmes of habitat enhancement and restoration of benthic and mobile populations for influencing the attitudes (and subsequent behaviours) of the communities where they are based. Our qualitative study investigated the impact of a coral reef restoration programmes on local environmental attitudes in a rural fishing community in north Bali, Indonesia. We conducted semi-structured interviews with individuals and multi-stakeholder focus groups (n = 31) in Tianyar Village, where the NGO ‘North Bali Reef Conservation’ (‘Yowana Bhakti Segara’) was based. Our results highlight several factors that influenced environmental behaviours, including perceived value of coral reefs (e.g.,changes in fishing yield), drivers of support for coral reef restoration (e.g., local leaders’ influence) and barriers to coral reef restoration support (e.g., lack of investment). Overall, our data indicate that the restoration programme has influenced positive environmental attitudes within the community through improvements in waste management, increased support for restoration work, and the establishment of new environmental regulations. Based on our results, we make five recommendations: (1) continuing environmental education within the community, (2) strengthening regulations and improving enforcement, (3) increasing financial and logistical support for waste management and ecotourism, (4) continuing the construction and deployment of artificial reefs, ensuring ‘best practice’ recommendations are followed, and (5) utilising the influence of local leaders to create positive environmental behaviours.

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Artificial coral reefs as a localised approach to increase fish biodiversity and abundance along the North Bali coastline

Cited by 3 publications

References 61 publications

Coastal Community Empowerment Recovery of cockle shell waste into eco-friendly artificial reefs in Mutiara Beach Trenggalek Indonesia

Coastal Community Empowerment Recovery of cockle shell waste into eco-friendly artificial reefs in Mutiara Beach Trenggalek Indonesia

Nutrient dynamics, carbon storage and community composition on artificial and natural reefs in Bali, Indonesia

Can Coral Reef Restoration Programmes Facilitate Changes in Environmental Attitudes? A Case Study on a Rural Fisher Community in North Bali, Indonesia

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