Artifacts of dieldrin in gas chromatographic analysis of green plant material

Glotfelty, Dwight E.; Joseph, H. M.

doi:10.1021/ac60284a042

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Vapor density profiles of photodieldrin were measured in this way for consecutive 2-h sampling periods between 0400 and 2200 EDT on the third day after application. Peroxide treatment with methanolic KOH (Glotfelty and Caro, 1970) was sufficient. Dieldrin data were also obtained on the lst, 2nd, 6th, 9th, 14th, and 23rd days after application.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photodieldrin formation and volatilization from grass

Turner¹,

Glotfelty²,

Taylor³

1977

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Photodieldrin residues were detected on an orchard-gram pasture within 1 day after application of dieldrin at 5.6 kg/ha. Photodieldrin residues accumulated to a maximum concentration of 51 ppm (85 g/ha) 5 days after the application and then slowly declined to 9 ppm (30 g/ha) after 107 days. Dieldrin residues declined more rapidly and photodieldrin comprised one-third to one-half the total residues after the first 23 days. Vapor flux measurements showed that 2.75 g/ha of photodieldrin volatilized on the third day; this was 1% of the dieldrin volatilization on the same day. About 26 g/ha of photodieldrin was volatilized during the first 3 weeks after application. Later losses were very small. Photodieldrin residues were much less volatile than parent dieldrin.Photodieldrin is a degradation product of the insecticide dieldrin (1,2,3,4,10,10-hexachloro-6,7-epoxy-1,4,4a,-5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1,4-endo,exo-5,8-dimethanonaphthalene) that has been observed to form upon vegetation by photochemical reactions (Harrison et al., 1967;Ivie and Casida, 1971). Since there is evidence that photodieldrin is more toxic than dieldrin (FAO, 1971)) the extent to which the conversion may occur under natural conditions and the mechanisms by which it may be distributed in the general environment are of considerable environmental interest. This paper presents quantitative results obtained on the amounts of photodieldrin formed from dieldrin residues on plant surfaces exposed to sunshine in the field. Estimates of the rate of volatilization of the photodieldrin residues relative to dieldrin are also presented.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some samples contained low photodieldrin contents and required clean-up prior to EC-GLC analysis. Peroxide treatment with methanolic KOH (Glotfelty and Caro, 1970) was sufficient. The procedure gave quantitative recovery from fortified samples containing down to 10 ng of photodieldrin, using reflux periods of less than 30 min.…”

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confidence: 99%

Photodieldrin formation and volatilization from grass

Turner¹,

Glotfelty²,

Taylor³

1977

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…(1967). For dieldrin analysis, half the extract was subjected to peroxide cleanup (Glotfelty and Caro, 1970). For heptachlor analysis, the remainder of the extract was cleaned up first on a Florisil column, and then on a column of activated carbon.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of dieldrin and heptachlor on corn leaves in and around a treated field

Joseph¹

1971

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Discovery of possible errors in dieldrin analysis of corn leaves introduced by plant pigments led to a modification in the analytical procedures for the leaves obtained in 1968. In lieu of column chromatography, the extract was cleaned up by treatment with hydrogen peroxide before glc analysis (Glotfelty and Caro, 1970). A refinement was also made in analysis of the kernels obtained in 1968.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pathways of loss of dieldrin from soils under field conditions

Joseph¹,

Taylor²

1971

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Dieldrin was applied to a depth of 7.5 cm to two small watersheds, one watershed in each of 2 years, and the soils, crops, runoff water, sediments, and overlying air were periodically assayed for dieldrin content over a 2-to 4-year period. Soil analyses were highly variable and no statistically significant decrease in pesticide content with time could be shown. Dieldrin in the runoff water was, at most, only 0.07 of the original dosage in the first season, with the largest losses occurring in the first 2 months after application. Highest dieldrin concentration in the water was 20 ppb soon after application, and was always less than 2 ppb in the second year. mple evidence exists that use of the organochlorine insecticides for the past 20 odd years has produced

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Artifacts of dieldrin in gas chromatographic analysis of green plant material

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Photodieldrin formation and volatilization from grass

Photodieldrin formation and volatilization from grass

Accumulation of dieldrin and heptachlor on corn leaves in and around a treated field

Pathways of loss of dieldrin from soils under field conditions

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