Artifacts in the GC–MS profiling of underivatized methamphetamine hydrochloride

Halogenated solvent interactions with N,N-dimethyltryptamine: Formation of quaternary ammonium salts and their artificially induced rearrangements during analysis

“…For example, it has recently been reported that solvent and catalyst-specific side products were detected in significant amounts where an internet-based procedure was fingerprinted for the analysis of a tryptamine synthesis via tryptophan decarboxylation [11]. A number of other examples are known where artefact formation was observed when amphetamine or phenethylamine derivatives were exposed to GC-MS conditions, either with or without contact to methanolic solutions used for the preparation of liquid sample injection [20][21][22][23].…”

N,N-Dimethyltryptamine and dichloromethane: Rearrangement of quaternary ammonium salt product during GC–EI and CI-MS–MS analysis

“…The combination of ephedrine, formaldehyde contamination in methanol and increased injection temperature has also led to the false identification of phenmetrazine [26] and injections of methanolic solutions of MA hydrochloride have been observed to form both methylated and demethylated artefacts. It was furthermore found that artefacts were not detected when new inlet liners were used, even at elevated temperatures [27]. Other examples were reported during the analysis of several 2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine "designer" drugs (2C-T-7, 2C-T-2 and 2C-I) where injections of methanolic solutions resulted in the detection of methylene, N CH 2 , artefacts [28,29,30].…”

Identification and differentiation of methcathinone analogs by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry

“…When analyzing amines by GC‐MS, it is preferable to convert them from the salt to the free base by liquid‐liquid extraction (LLE) under alkaline conditions to improve the peak shapes. For example, GC‐MS analysis of methamphetamine hydrochloride as methanol solution deteriorated the peak shape by giving thermal artefacts such as amphetamine and dimethylamphetamine . Nevertheless, it can be problematic to evaporate the extracted solutions because the free bases of low‐molecular‐weight amines such as amphetamine‐type stimulants (ATS) easily volatilize during solvent evaporation .…”

“…For example, GC-MS analysis of methamphetamine hydrochloride as methanol solution deteriorated the peak shape by giving thermal artefacts such as amphetamine and dimethylamphetamine. [14] Nevertheless, it can be problematic to evaporate the extracted solutions because the free bases of low-molecular-weight amines such as amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) easily volatilize during solvent evaporation. [15] However, there have been no reports on the volatility of MC analogues during solvent evaporation.…”