“…The oxidation of sulfides, the formation of secondary minerals (sulfates, Fe (hydr)oxides) and sulfate leaching are reported in sulfide-bearing materials when exposed to oxidizing conditions in contact with the atmosphere (e.g., sulfide-rich mine tailings: Néel et al, 2003;Uzarowicz and Skiba, 2011;Uzarowicz, 2013;Hayes et al, 2014;excavated bedrock: Scholtus et al, 2014; dredged sediments: Vandecasteele et al, 2009). Changes in redox conditions related to wetting/drying cycles also contribute to the formation of Fe-Mn concretions and/or coatings (e.g., Huot et al, 2014a;Sokolov et al, 2015) as well as the weathering of iron artefacts (e.g., nails: Howard et al, 2013Howard et al, , 2015. Carbonation, by reaction with atmospheric and microbial CO 2 , may occur during the early stages of weathering of alkaline materials (e.g., Grünewald et al, 2007).…”