Articulatory analysis of the German vowel system

Hoole, Phil; Mooshammer, Christine

doi:10.1515/9783110916447.129

Cited by 32 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…As a consequence, the word duration increases with increasing number of consonants, displaying clearly that [1]'s and [2]'s assumptions on a stable overall duration of the CV sequences and with this, a stable word duration is not compatible with the data we found. Furthermore, we found that long vowels are more prone to shortening than short vowels, replicating the findings of [18].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Vowel and Consonant Sequences in three Bavarian Dialects of Austria

Klingler¹,

Moosmüller

Scheutz

2017

Interspeech 2017

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In 1913, Anton Pfalz described a specific relation of vowel and consonant sequences for East Middle Bavarian dialects, located in the eastern parts of Austria. According to his observations, a long vowel is always followed by a lenis consonant, and a short vowel is always followed by a fortis consonant. Consequently, vowel duration depends on the quality of the following consonant. Phonetic examinations of what became to be known as the Pfalz's Law yielded different results. Specifically, the occurrence of a third category, namely a long vowel followed by a fortis consonant, seems to be firmly embedded in East Middle Bavarian.Up till now, phonetic examinations concentrated on CVCV sequences. The analysis of monosyllables and of sequences including consonant clusters has been largely neglected so far. In the present contribution, we analyse the impact of initial and final consonant clusters in monosyllables on the assumed relationship of vowel + consonant sequences. Thus, we included 18 speakers from three Bavarian varieties. The results show that in all examined varieties long vowel + fortis consonants occur and that the cluster complexity has no influence on the absolute vowel duration, contradicting Pfalz's Law.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Vowel and Consonant Sequences in three Bavarian Dialects of Austria

Klingler¹,

Moosmüller

Scheutz

2017

Interspeech 2017

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“…The spatial extent of the flanking gestures and of the lingual gestures associated with vowel production is greater for long compared to short vowels (Beňuš, 2011). Interestingly, Hoole and Mooshammer (2002) report a greater spatial extent of the lingual gestures for tense German vowels compared to their lax cognates but only for central and back vowels; quantity does not influence the extent for more articulatorily constrained front vowels.…”

Section: Articulation Of Geminatesmentioning

confidence: 79%

Context-dependent articulation of consonant gemination in Estonian

Türk

Lippus

Simko

2017

Laboratory Phonology: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Phonology

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The three-way quantity system is a well-known phonological feature of Estonian. In a number of studies it has been shown that quantity is realized in a disyllabic foot by the stressed-tounstressed syllable rhyme duration ratio and also by pitch movement as the secondary cue. The stressed syllable rhyme duration is achieved by combining the length of the vowel and the coda consonant, which enables minimal septets of CVCV-sequences based on segmental duration. In this study we analyze articulatory (EMA) recordings from four native Estonian speakers producing all possible quantity combinations of intervocalic bilabial stops in two vocalic contexts (/ɑ-i/ vs. /i-ɑ/). The analysis shows that kinematic characteristics (gesture duration, spatial extent, and peak velocity) are primarily affected by quantity on the segmental level: Phonologically longer segments are produced by longer and larger lip closing gestures and, in reverse, shorter and smaller lip opening movements. Tongue transition gesture is consistently lengthened and slowed down by increasing consonant quantity. In general, both kinematic characteristics and intergestural coordination are influenced by non-linear interactions between segmental quantity levels as well as vocalic context.

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“…This property led to the suggestion that lax vowels are incompressible (Klatt 1973) or -according to Trubetzkoy (1938) -that lax vowels lack the ability to stretch (Dehnungsfähigkeit). For example, in Mooshammer & Fuchs (2002) and Hoole & Mooshammer (2002) we showed that the tongue tip distances travelled during unstressed /tVt/ sequences with lax nuclei were reduced to such an extent that the spatial reduction could not be attributed to shorter durations because their temporal reduction was too subtle. For example, in Mooshammer & Fuchs (2002) and Hoole & Mooshammer (2002) we showed that the tongue tip distances travelled during unstressed /tVt/ sequences with lax nuclei were reduced to such an extent that the spatial reduction could not be attributed to shorter durations because their temporal reduction was too subtle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…What makes the German vowel inventory interesting is the fact that in earlier studies (Mooshammer, Fuchs & Fischer 1999, Geng & Mooshammer 2000, Hoole & Mooshammer 2002, Mooshammer & Fuchs 2002 it was found that only tense vowels were significantly shortened in unstressed position or due to a faster speech rate while the duration of lax vowels was kept almost constant with very slight vowel shortening. This property led to the suggestion that lax vowels are incompressible (Klatt 1973) or -according to Trubetzkoy (1938) -that lax vowels lack the ability to stretch (Dehnungsfähigkeit).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic and articulatory manifestations of vowel reduction in German

Mooshammer

Geng

2008

Journal of the International Phonetic Association

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Recent phonological approaches incorporate phonetic principles in the motivation of phonological regularities, e.g. vowel reduction and neutralization in unstressed position by target undershoot. So far, evidence for this hypothesis is based on impressionistic and acoustic data but not on articulatory data. The major goal of this study is to compare formant spaces and lingual positions during the production of German vowels for combined effects of stress, accent and corrective contrast. In order to identify strategies for vowel reduction independent of speaker-specific vocal-tract anatomies and individual biomechanical properties, an approach similar to the Generalized Procrustes Analysis was applied to formant spaces and lingual vowel target positions. The data basis consists of the German stressed and unstressed full vowels /i… I y… Y e… E E… P… { a… a o… O u… U/ from seven speakers recorded by means of electromagnetic midsagittal articulography (EMMA). Speaker normalized articulatory and formant spaces gave evidence for a greater degree of coarticulation with the consonant context for unstressed vowels as compared to stressed vowels. However, only for tense vowels could spatial reduction patterns be attributed to vowel shortening, whereas lax vowels were reduced without shortening. The results are discussed in the light of current theories of vowel reduction, i.e. target undershoot, Adaptive Dispersion Theory and Prominence Alignment.

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Articulatory analysis of the German vowel system

Cited by 32 publications

References 14 publications

Vowel and Consonant Sequences in three Bavarian Dialects of Austria

Vowel and Consonant Sequences in three Bavarian Dialects of Austria

Context-dependent articulation of consonant gemination in Estonian

Acoustic and articulatory manifestations of vowel reduction in German

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