Articular Aspergillosis of Hip Joints in Turkeys

Olias, Philipp; Hauck, Rüdiger; Windhaus, Heinrich; Grinten, E van der; Gruber, Achim D.; Hafez, Hafez M.

doi:10.1637/9232-011110-case.1

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Diagnosis usually relay upon an accumulation of evidence from history, clinical presentation, postmortem findings, hematology, biochemistry, serology, radiographic changes, endoscopy, and culture of the fungus. Cases of aspergillosis in birds are often diagnosed based on postmortem findings of white caseous nodules in the lungs or air sacs of affected birds since clinical diagnosis is difficult [23]. The history of the bird can reveal a stressful event and some under lining environmental factors and immune suppressive condition or treatment.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Aspergillosis in Poultry

Girma¹,

Abebaw²,

Zemene³

et al. 2016

J Vet Sci Technol

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Aspergillosis is a respiratory disease of chicken, turkey, humans and other mammals and less frequently ducks, pigeon, geese and other wild and domestic birds. It is cuased by a fungal species under the genus Aspergillus. In chickens and turkey, the disease may be endemic on some farm. In wild birds, it appears too sporadic, frequently affecting only an individual bird. It is usually seen in birds of 7-40 days old. Aspergillus spp are ubiquitous and the disease is found where ever environmental condition is favorable for growth. Aspergillus fumigatus is frequently isolated in affected bird. Infection occurs by inhalation of spores. The disease has two forms, acute and chronic form. The acute form occurs when large amount of spores are ingested by the bird, where as, the chronic form affects birds under immune suppression. The clinical signs are non-specific and a variety of diagnostic procedures are required for the diagnosis of aspergillosis in poultry, of which culturing is very important. Treatment of aspergillosis is not effective and prevention is the best way of controlling the disease. Good managemental practices such as sanitation, avoiding wet litter or soil and moldy or dusty feeds, provididing adequate ventilation, and disinfecting feed and water lines should be implemented to prevent and control the disease.

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Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Aspergillosis in Poultry

Girma¹,

Abebaw²,

Zemene³

et al. 2016

J Vet Sci Technol

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“…has been reported in almost all domesticated avian species and production types: layer cockerels [14], pullets in cages [15], broiler breeders [5], and growers of chicken [3, 16] or turkey poults [17–20], common duck breeders [21], goslings [1, 22], great rheas [23], ostriches [2], Japanese quails [24], or pigeons [25]. In spontaneous outbreaks, mortality ranged between 4.5% and 90%, whereas age of diseased birds varied from 3 days to 20 weeks [3–5, 14, 16–21, 26, 27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspergillus fumigatusin Poultry

Arné

Thierry

Wang

et al. 2011

International Journal of Microbiology

112

116

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Aspergillus fumigatus remains a major respiratory pathogen in birds. In poultry, infection by A. fumigatus may induce significant economic losses particularly in turkey production. A. fumigatus develops and sporulates easily in poor quality bedding or contaminated feedstuffs in indoor farm environments. Inadequate ventilation and dusty conditions increase the risk of bird exposure to aerosolized spores. Acute cases are seen in young animals following inhalation of spores, causing high morbidity and mortality. The chronic form affects older birds and looks more sporadic. The respiratory tract is the primary site of A. fumigatus development leading to severe respiratory distress and associated granulomatous airsacculitis and pneumonia. Treatments for infected poultry are nonexistent; therefore, prevention is the only way to protect poultry. Development of avian models of aspergillosis may improve our understanding of its pathogenesis, which remains poorly understood.

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“…In particular, yellowish granulomas that were confined in the caudal abdominal air sacs and the histological lesions were suggestive of pulmonary aspergillosis [11] . Frequent causal organism of aspergillosis is A. fumigatus [1] . However, factors that drive its predominance over other species of Aspergillus are equivocal despite postulations that it is able to overwhelm avian respiratory immune cells [14] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Birds are particularly more susceptible to the disease compared to humans and mammals [1] . The disease causes illness and deaths of captive and wild birds of all ages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physical trauma, capture, translocation and quarantine also predispose birds to the disease [4] . Among the Aspergillus species, Aspergillus fumigatus accounts for over 95% of the cases of avian infections [1] . Clinical signs that characterize the disease are imprecise while diagnosis is based on a variety of tests that include fungal culture, histology, as well as evaluation of some chemistry and hematological parameters [5] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Opportunistic infection of Aspergillus and bacteria in captive Cape vultures (Gyps coprotheres)

Chege¹,

Howlett²,

Qassimi³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine

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Objective: To describe clinical signs, pathology, diagnosis and treatment of Cape vultures in which Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) and mixed species of bacteria were isolated. Methods: Six Cape vultures sourced from South Africa for exhibition at Al Ain Zoo developed illness manifesting as anorexia, dyspnea, polyuria and lethargy. Three vultures died manifesting ''pneumonia-like syndrome''. These three vultures were necropsied and gross lesions recorded, while organ tissues were collected for histopathology. Internal organs were swabbed for bacteriology and mycology. From live vultures, blood was collected for hematology and biochemistry, oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs were collected for mycology and bacteriology. Results: A. fumigatus was isolated from the three dead vultures and two live ones that eventually survived. One of the dead vulture and two live vultures were co-infected with A. fumigatus and mixed species of bacteria that included Clostridium perfringens, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Escherichia, Proteus, Enterococcus and Enterbacter. One of the Cape vulture and a Lappetfaced vulture, however, were free of Aspergillus or bacterial infections. At necropsy, intestinal hemorrhages were observed and the lungs were overtly congested with granulomas present on caudal air sac. Histopathological examinations demonstrated granulomatous lesions that were infiltrated by mononuclear cells and giant cells. Conclusions: Aspergillosis is a persistent threat to captive birds and we recommend routine health assessments so that early diagnosis may prompt early treatment. It is likely that prompt prophylaxis by broad spectrum antibiotics and antifungals medication contributed to the survival of some of the vultures.

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Articular Aspergillosis of Hip Joints in Turkeys

Cited by 28 publications

References 24 publications

A Review on Aspergillosis in Poultry

A Review on Aspergillosis in Poultry

Aspergillus fumigatusin Poultry

Opportunistic infection of Aspergillus and bacteria in captive Cape vultures (Gyps coprotheres)

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