Arthropods of a semi-natural grassland in an urban environment: the John F. Kennedy International Airport, New York

Kutschbach-Brohl, Lisa; Washburn, Brian E.; Bernhardt, Glen E.; Chipman, Richard B.; Francoeur, Laura C.

doi:10.1007/s10841-010-9264-8

Cited by 29 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Buri et al (2014), Goulson et al (2008) and others have found that the abundance and richness of wild bee species significantly increases in meadows in which refuges were left uncut. The positive effects of undisturbed urban green spaces on wild bees has also been pointed out in Kutschbach-Brohl et al (2010). This has also been confirmed for other insect orders such as beetles , grasshoppers (Hiller and Betz 2014), butterflies (Kricke et al 2014) and truebugs (Unterweger and Betz 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Influence of the reduction of urban lawn mowing on wild bee diversity (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)

Wastian¹,

Unterweger²,

Betz³

2016

JHR

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To analyse the effects of reduced green space management in urban areas on the biodiversity of insects, we compared intensely mowed lawns (mowed 12 times per year) with meadows under reduced maintenance (mowed only twice per year) in the city of Tübingen (Baden-Württemberg, Germany). Over the entire field season, 177 wild bee individuals representing 43 species were caught using sweep nets. Areas with reduced maintenance showed significantly higher total species numbers and biodiversity indices. Our research supports the initiative "Bunte Wiese (Colourful Meadow) -Species Diversity in Public Greenspaces" of the University of Tübingen, which is campaigning for the enhancement of species diversity in public urban greenland areas by reorganising intensive mowing into a "twice a year" programme.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Influence of the reduction of urban lawn mowing on wild bee diversity (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)

Wastian¹,

Unterweger²,

Betz³

2016

JHR

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“…Hanula et al 2009, Kutschbach-Brohl et al 2010). This rapid biodiversity assessment Beattie 1993, 1996a, b) allows non-specialists with basic entomological training to distinguish between standardised (previously defined) groups.…”

Section: Levels Of Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These early stages emerge from the soil in spring and predators were found in the photo-eclectors of experiment 2. The large number of soil specialists (Kühnelt 1950) makes it necessary for many groups of insects to hibernate above the ground. Thus, plant structures also play an important role for hibernation as is supported by these results.…”

Section: Soil Eclosing Insects -The Role Of Soil For Hibernationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insect hibernation on urban green land: a winter-adapted mowing regime as a management tool for insect conservation

Unterweger¹,

Klammer²,

Unger³

et al. 2018

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Citation: Unterweger PA, Klammer J, Unger M, Betz O (2018) Insect hibernation on urban green land: a winter-adapted mowing regime as a management tool for insect conservation. BioRisk 13: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/biorisk.13.22316 AbstractInsect conservation is challenging on various ecological scales. One largely neglected aspect is the quality of undisturbed hibernation sites. This study aims to fill a lack of knowledge concerning insect hibernation on uncut meadows persisting in urban green spaces during the winter season in a middle-sized town in south Germany. During two years of sampling, 13,511 insect specimens of the orders Heteroptera, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera and Diptera were caught from their winter stands. The specimens were assigned to 120 families and 140 taxonomic species were determined from the orders Heteroptera, Coleoptera and Diptera and 324 morphotypes from the orders Hymenoptera, Coleoptera and Diptera. The data indicate the importance of winter fallows for insect hibernation. Unmown meadows offer additional plant structures in winter (flower heads, stems, tufts and leaves) that are absent from mown ones. This increased structural diversity results in both higher species diversity and numbers of insect individuals during spring emergence. The results of this study thus emphasise the value of unmown structures for insect conservation and suggest a mosaic-like cutting maintenance of meadows, way-and river-sides and other green infrastructure in both the urban area and the open landscape.

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“…One mowing per year retained agronomic plant coverage for erosion control but did not significantly increase native plant species richness. Reduced mowing combined with native plant seeding could enhance roadside beauty through establishment of native plant communities without decreasing roadside visibility (Anderson 1996;Barras et al 2000;Kutschbach-Brohl et al 2010;Entsminger 2014;Entsminger et al, in press). Roadside rightof-ways can provide areas where native plants can colonize and survive, serve as population sources for native plant species, and increase habitat quality for native fauna including pollinating insects, small mammals, and birds (Svedarsky et al 2002;Jones et al 2007;Tallamy 2009;Andrews et al 2015).…”

Section: Management Implementationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Mowing Frequency on Right-of-Way Plant Communities in Mississippi

Entsminger

Jones

Guyton

et al. 2017

Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management

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Native grasses and native wildflowers are declining, especially along roadside right-of-ways because of intensive mowing and herbicide management practices. Roadside right-of-ways undergo regular disturbances such as mowing, maintenance, and road developments that affect soils, groundwater, surface hydrology, and vegetation composition. We investigated species richness and percent coverage within plant communities along highway right-of-ways to determine if reduced mowing increased native plant coverage. The study was conducted using 10 research plots situated along Highway 25 in Oktibbeha and Winston counties, Mississippi. Each research plot consisted of three different treatments as follows: one that included greater than four mowings per year, one mowing only in fall, and one mowing only in fall with a supplemental native wildflower seeding. Using line transect sampling, we detected 277 plant species, which included native and nonnative forbs, legumes, grasses, rushes, sedges, and woody perennials (vines, shrubs, and trees). Total percent coverage of native and nonnative plants within different growth form categories did not differ among treatments (F 2,96 ¼ 0.45, P ¼ 0.83). However, coverage differed between uplands and lowlands (F 1,96 ¼ 18.22, P 0.001), between years (F 1,96 ¼ 14.54, P 0.001), between fall and spring seasons (F 1,96 ¼ 16.25, P 0.001), and interacted between years and seasons (F 1,96 ¼ 24.08, P 0.001) and seasons and elevations (F 1,96 ¼ 5.00, P 0.001). Nonnative agronomic grasses exhibited the greatest coverage (. 90%) in all treatments. Percent coverage of each plant growth form was greatest in lowlands. Our research showed an increase of native grasses and wildflower species along roadsides with a reduced mowing regimen. We concluded that the timing and intensity of mowing for the duration of our study had little effect on the species composition of plant communities. However, one mowing per year retained agronomic plant coverage for erosion control and soil stabilization during roadside maintenance. Specific proactive management implementations can include native plantings, selective herbicide use to decrease nonnative grasses, continual mowing from roadside edge to 10 m, and only one mowing in late fall, but with an extension of the boundary to reach beyond 10 m from the roadside edge to suppress the invasion of woody plants, which could lead to lower long-term maintenance costs.

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Arthropods of a semi-natural grassland in an urban environment: the John F. Kennedy International Airport, New York

Cited by 29 publications

References 55 publications

Influence of the reduction of urban lawn mowing on wild bee diversity (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)

Influence of the reduction of urban lawn mowing on wild bee diversity (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)

Insect hibernation on urban green land: a winter-adapted mowing regime as a management tool for insect conservation

Evaluation of Mowing Frequency on Right-of-Way Plant Communities in Mississippi

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