Arthropods

Bowman, Dwight D.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-54396-5.00011-8

Cited by 18 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 196 publications

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“…Furthermore, the prevalence of ear mite infestations is highest in young individuals owing to transmission from the queen to the kitten. 15,20,47,48 However, feline cystadenomatosis is more commonly found in cats that are middle-aged and older and could support a possible senile or degenerative change in the tissue or its associated structures, and be less supportive of a congenital etiology. 22 The finding of neoplastic conditions in 17% of the cases is in line with what has previously been reported in the literature, where the mean age of onset for malignant ear tumors (such as ceruminous adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma) is 11 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline cystadenomatosis affecting the ears and skin of 57 cats (2011–2019)

Loft

Soohoo²,

Simon

et al. 2021

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Objectives This study aimed to understand epidemiological factors associated with feline cystadenomatosis, including signalment and papillomavirus PCR status. Cystadenomatosis is an uncommon condition primarily involving the ceruminous and apocrine skin and ear glands. Methods This was a retrospective case series. Clinical records from 2011 to 2019 from a tertiary referral hospital in Boston, MA, USA were screened for cases, and case data were re-evaluated and analyzed. The total patient pool contained 65,385 individual cats, of which 797 were referred to the dermatology service. Medical records and biopsy specimens were reviewed; the information collected included signalment, clinical signs, physical examination and diagnostic tests, comorbidities and histopathologic findings. PCR was performed on biopsy specimens to test for papillomavirus DNA. Results The cystadenomatosis population consisted of 57 cases (7.1% of total cases referred to the dermatology service) with 105 affected ears. Twenty-seven cases (48 ears) were confirmed via histopathology; four cats (7%) exhibited clinically cystic lesions on the periocular, periorbital and perianal regions; only one cat did not have pinnal lesions. Domestic shorthair cats were most often affected. Relative risk for cystadenomatosis was 2.24 times higher in male cats. In 48 cats (84.2%), ears were bilaterally affected. Seven cats (12.3%) had malignant neoplasia, which included: inflamed adenocarcinoma (n = 5); mast cell tumor (n = 1); or squamous cell carcinoma (n = 1). PCR testing on biopsy specimens from 24 cats revealed feline papillomavirus type 2 DNA in only four cats. Conclusions and relevance Cystadenomatosis was more prevalent in senior non-purebred cats, over-represented in male cats and did not appear to be associated with papillomavirus, feline infectious peritonitis, feline immunodeficiency virus/feline leukemia virus status or other identifiable illnesses. Further studies are needed to investigate the causes of cystadenomatosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline cystadenomatosis affecting the ears and skin of 57 cats (2011–2019)

Loft

Soohoo²,

Simon

et al. 2021

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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“…Parelaphostrongylus tenuis ( P. tenuis ), commonly known as meningeal worm, is a nematode parasite of wildlife that spills over into domestic livestock, causing significant morbidity and mortality. It is transmitted from white-tail deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ) to susceptible ungulate livestock such as alpacas ( Vicugna pacos ), goats ( Capra aegagrus hicus ), sheep ( Ovis aries ), or llamas ( Lama glama ) ( 1 , 2 ). White-tailed deer are the natural, definitive host in which P. tenuis inhabits and reproduces within their central nervous system with rare clinical or population effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This aberrant migration causes a condition known as cerebrospinal nematodiasis, which may result in mild to severe neurological disease and possible death of the animal. Definitive diagnosis is made by identifying the nematode in the brain and/or spinal cord during necropsy or histopathology ( 7 ) and is otherwise assumed based on a combination of neurological signs and characteristic histological changes associated with nematode migration in the central nervous system ( 2 , 9 ). Antemortem diagnosis is presumptive based on clinical signs and evidence of a marked increase in eosinophils in the cerebrospinal fluid (if sampled), though identification of the nematode is rare ( 7 , 10 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Investigation of Meningeal Worm-Induced Mortalities in Small Ruminants and Camelids Over a 19 Year Period

et al. 2022

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Meningeal worm, or Parelaphostrongylus tenuis (P. tenuis) is a nematode parasite that can invade the nervous system of small ruminant and camelid species such as alpaca, llama, goats and sheep. Limited reports exist on the epidemiology of disease caused by the nematode in susceptible livestock. We examined archived necropsy reports from small ruminant and camelid mortalities that were submitted, post mortem, to the University of Minnesota Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (MNVDL) during 2001–2019 for gross necropsy, histopathology, and pathogen screening. We estimated P. tenuis-induced mortality over time and developed temporal models to better understand patterns and drivers of P. tenuis-induced mortalities in these animals. During the period under examination, 5,617 goats, sheep, llamas and alpacas were necropsied, revealing an overall P. tenuis-induced mortality rate of 1.14% in the necropsy submission pool for these species. P. tenuis-induced mortality rates were highest in llamas (9.91%) and alpacas (5.33%) compared to sheep and goats (<1%), with rates in llamas and alpacas significantly higher than in sheep and goats. P. tenuis-induced mortalities exhibited one seasonal peak, around October to December. P. tenuis-induced mortality rates varied greatly between years, and have significantly increased over time. We also observed a positive correlation between summer temperature (range 20.4–22.4°C) and P. tenuis-induced mortality rates (range 0–3.9%), but not precipitation. This study demonstrates seasonal patterns and differences in mortality between alpacas, goats, llamas and sheep and helps us to better understand the epidemiology of P. tenuis mortality.

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“…Stable flies (family Muscidae, genus Stomoxys ), are obligate blood-sucking dipterans and are distributed worldwide ( Bowman, 2009 ; Russel et al., 2013 ). Being the most common blood-feeding flies around farm animals, stable flies are considered as an important economic pest of livestock ( Campbell et al., 2001 ; Elkan et al., 2009 ; Lienard et al., 2011 ) and can also affect other warm-blooded species, including domestic animals ( Bowman, 2009 ; Russel et al., 2013 ) and humans ( Janovy and Roberts, 2000 ; Dominghetti et al., 2015 ). Both male and female stable flies are hematophagous and bite during daytime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Females lay eggs on faeces or soiled and decayed material, such as damp hey, piles of lawn clippings, and shoreline deposits of seaweeds, after three or more blood meals, and up to three ovipositions can be observed in one day ( Salem et al., 2012 ). Larval and nymphal stages develop in the environment in one to several weeks depending on the temperature and humidity, until emergence of blood-sucking adult forms ( Bowman, 2009 ; Russel et al., 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%