Arthropod responses to harvesting and wildfire: Implications for emulation of natural disturbance in forest management

Buddle, Christopher M.; Langor, David W.; Pohl, Greg R.; Spence, John R.

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2005.10.002

Cited by 212 publications

(200 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Ground beetles (Coleoptera:Carabidae) are an abundant and diverse group of litter dwelling invertebrates and have been widely used to assess the impacts of a variety of intensities of forest harvesting [12,13], including clear cutting [14][15][16], salvage logging [17] and partial cutting with dispersed variable retention [18][19][20]. The intensity of overstory removal plays an important role mediating the composition of ground beetles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecosystem Responses to Partial Harvesting in Eastern Boreal Mixedwood Stands

Brais

Work

Robert

et al. 2013

Forests

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Partial harvesting has been proposed as a key aspect to implementing ecosystem management in the Canadian boreal forest. We report on a replicated experiment located in boreal mixedwoods of Northwestern Quebec. In the winter of 2000-2001, two partial harvesting treatments, one using a dispersed pattern, and a second, which created a (400 m 2 ) gap pattern, were applied to a 90-year-old aspen-dominated mixed stand. The design also included a clear cut and a control. Over the course of the following eight years, live tree, coarse woody debris, regeneration and ground beetles were inventoried at variable intervals. Our results indicate that all harvesting treatments created conditions OPEN ACCESSForests 2013, 4 365 favorable to balsam fir (Abies balsamea) sapling growth and trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) sapling recruitment. However, balsam fir and trembling aspen regeneration and ground beetles response to gap cuts were closer to patterns observed in clear cuts than in dispersed harvesting. The underlying reasons for these differing patterns can be linked to factors associated with the contrasting light regimes created by the two partial harvesting treatments. The study confirms that partially harvesting is an ecologically sound approach in boreal mixedwoods and could contribute to maintaining the distribution of stand ages at the landscape level.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecosystem Responses to Partial Harvesting in Eastern Boreal Mixedwood Stands

Brais

Work

Robert

et al. 2013

Forests

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“…We sampled beetles the same year as the restoration was conducted, whereas in many earlier studies reporting significant changes in assemblage composition sampling was conducted the year after treatment or later (Buddle et al 2006;Hyvärinen et al 2009;Toivanen and Kotiaho 2007). Thus, it is likely that thee assemblage composition will change in the next couple of years as gap cutting increased stand heterogeneity with respect to light and temperature.…”

Section: Effect Of Gap Cuttingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, stand variability is reduced as well as the availability of dead wood substrates, known to be important for biodiversity. These changes have reduced the amount of potential habitat in managed forests and are considered a key factor underlying species declines in degraded boreal forest ecosystems (Buddle et al 2006;Hjältén et al 2012;Jonsson et al 2005;Siitonen 2001;Stenbacka et al 2010). As a consequence, a commitment to restore at least 15% of degraded forest ecosystems was established at the Aichi Convention on Biological Diversity 2010 (CBD 2010) and echoed in the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2020 (EU 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, less than 0.02% of the forest area burns each year in Sweden compared with approximately 1% before 1900 AD (Granström 2001;Zackrisson 1977). Many boreal species are adapted to fire (Granström and Schimmel 1993) and some species breed almost exclusively in burned forest (Buddle et al 2006;Wikars 1997). Many of these species have a very good dispersal ability and can detect and colonize burned stands from a far (Wikars 1997;Hyvärinen et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Forest restoration by burning and gap cutting of voluntary set-asides yield distinct immediate effects on saproxylic beetles

et al. 2017

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Today, the importance of restoring natural forest disturbance regimes and habitat structures for biodiversity is widely recognized. We evaluated the immediate effects of two restoration methods on wood-inhabiting (saproxylic) beetles in boreal forest voluntary set-asides. We used a before-after control-impact experimental set-up in 15 setasides; each assigned to one of three treatments: (1) restoration burning, (2) gap cutting and (3) no-treatment reference stands. Before treatment, abundance, species richness and assemblage composition of trapped beetles did not differ significantly among treatments. Burning resulted in a significant change in assemblage composition and increased species richness and abundance compared to reference stands. As predicted, saproxylic species known to be fire favoured increased dramatically after burning. The immediate response shows that, initially, fire favoured species are attracted from the surrounding landscape and not produced on site. Gap cutting increased the abundance of cambium consumers but had no significant effect on total species richness or assemblage composition of saproxylic beetles. The stronger effect of burning compared to gap cutting on saproxylic assemblages is probably due to the very specific conditions created by fires that attracts many disturbance-dependent species, but that at the same time disfavour some disturbance-sensitive species. By contrast, gap cutting maintained assemblage composition, increased abundances and is likely to increase species richness in the years to follow, due to elevated level of dead wood. The restoration methods applied in this study may prove particularly useful, partly because of positive effect on saproxylic beetles, but also due to the cost-efficiency of the measures; the voluntary set-asides were already established and the restoration costs fully covered by revenue from the extracted timber.

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“…It is unclear how those findings may apply to other areas or other soil attributes. In Alberta some litter dwelling beetle species have been shown to occur only in older forests [15,16]. But other studies have found that sensitive ground-dwelling beetles benefit from partial harvesting [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abiotic and Biotic Soil Characteristics in Old Growth Forests and Thinned or Unthinned Mature Stands in Three Regions of Oregon

et al. 2012

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Abstract:We compared forest floor depth, soil organic matter, soil moisture, anaerobic mineralizable nitrogen (a measure of microbial biomass), denitrification potential, and soil/litter arthropod communities among old growth, unthinned mature stands, and thinned mature stands at nine sites (each with all three stand types) distributed among three regions of Oregon. Mineral soil measurements were restricted to the top 10 cm. Data were analyzed with both multivariate and univariate analyses of variance. Multivariate analyses were conducted with and without soil mesofauna or forest floor mesofauna, as data for those taxa were not collected on some sites. In multivariate analysis with soil mesofauna, the model giving the strongest separation among stand types (P = 0.019) included abundance and richness of soil mesofauna and anaerobic mineralizable nitrogen. The best model with forest floor mesofauna (P = 0.010) included anaerobic mineralizable nitrogen, soil moisture content, and richness of forest floor mesofauna. Old growth had the highest mean values for all variables, and in both models differed significantly from mature stands, while the latter did not differ. Old growth also averaged higher percent soil organic matter, and analysis including that variable was significant but not as strong as without it. Results of the multivariate analyses were mostly supported by univariate analyses, but there were some differences. In univariate analysis, the difference in percent soil organic matter between old growth and thinned mature was due to a single site in which the old growth had exceptionally high soil organic matter; without that site, percent soil organic matter did OPEN ACCESSDiversity 2012, 4 335 not differ between old growth and thinned mature, and a multivariate model containing soil organic matter was not statistically significant. In univariate analyses soil mesofauna had to be compared nonparametrically (because of heavy left-tails) and differed only in the Siskiyou Mountains, where they were most abundant and species rich in old growth forests. Species richness of mineral soil mesofauna correlated significantly (+) with percent soil organic matter and soil moisture, while richness of forest floor mesofauna correlated (+) with depth of the forest floor. Composition of forest floor and soil mesofauna suggest the two groups represent a single community. Soil moisture correlated highly with percent soil organic matter, with no evidence for drying in sites that were sampled relatively late in the summer drought, suggesting losses of surface soil moisture were at least partially replaced by hydraulic lift (which has been demonstrated in other forests of the region).

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Arthropod responses to harvesting and wildfire: Implications for emulation of natural disturbance in forest management

Cited by 212 publications

References 59 publications

Ecosystem Responses to Partial Harvesting in Eastern Boreal Mixedwood Stands

Ecosystem Responses to Partial Harvesting in Eastern Boreal Mixedwood Stands

Forest restoration by burning and gap cutting of voluntary set-asides yield distinct immediate effects on saproxylic beetles

Abiotic and Biotic Soil Characteristics in Old Growth Forests and Thinned or Unthinned Mature Stands in Three Regions of Oregon

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