Arthropod-Inducible Proteins: Broad Spectrum Defenses against Multiple Herbivores

Zhu‐Salzman, Keyan; Luthe, Dawn S.; Felton, Gary W.

doi:10.1104/pp.107.112177

Cited by 159 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 82 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Plant-eating arthropods employ sophisticated feeding strategies to obtain nutrients from all aboveground and belowground plant parts. Rather than being passive victims in these interactions, plants cope with herbivory through the production of myriad specialized metabolites and proteins that exert toxic, repellent, or antinutritive effects on their animal attackers (see Zhu-Salzman et al, 2008). The coevolutionary struggle between arthropod herbivores and plants to consume or not to be consumed, respectively, has shaped not only the extraordinary diversity of plant metabolism, but also the genetic diversity of plants.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Interactions with Arthropod Herbivores: State of the Field

Jander¹,

Howe²

2008

Plant Physiology

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Interactions with Arthropod Herbivores: State of the Field

Jander¹,

Howe²

2008

Plant Physiology

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“…Besides having a direct effect on phytophagous arthropods, H 2 O 2 stimulates a cascade of reactions in plant cells that lead to the expression of defense genes (Torres, 2010). Moreover, oxidative changes in plants after insect attack cause oxidative damage to the insect midgut, mainly due to accumulation of H 2 O 2 (Krishnan et al, 2007;Zhu-Salzman et al, 2008). Many physiological and molecular responses in plants against insect attack are triggered by H 2 O 2 , and its levels remain elevated as long as the herbivore attack persists (War et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salix lapponum L. vs. phytophagous insects – an assessment of the risks and the reaction of plants

Kmieć¹,

Pogorzelec²,

Hawrylak-Nowak³

et al. 2018

Dendrobiology

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Abstract:Since the 1950s, a significant decrease in the population numbers of Salix lapponum L. has been observed in Poland, particularly in the Polesie Lubelskie region. One of the most important threats comes from the biotic environment including interactions at the trophic level. An unidentified issue was the occurrence and importance of phytophagous insects inhabiting S. lapponum in terms of real threats to growth and development as well as specific plant reactions to herbivores. The aim of the study was to recognize the occurrence of phytophagous insects inhabiting S. lapponum, i.e. an endangered species, and estimation of physiological changes caused by the herbivorous species feeding. The field study was conducted in a locality of S. lapponum population in the peat bog near Bikcze Lake (Polesie Lubelskie Region) in 2014-2015. In each growing season from the end of April to September, 100 stems of S. lapponum shoots with similar length were examined once a month. Selected parameters of chlorophyll a fluorescence were measured and the accumulation of H 2 O 2 was visually detected in leaves collected from the control plants and from those attacked by herbivores using the 3',3-diaminobenzidine (DAB) method. We found the presence of 8 phytophagous insect species from 4 orders (Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera and Lepidoptera) on S. lapponum. Most of the shoots were inhabited by Lochmea caprea, Aphrophora salicina and Aphis farinosa. On the basis of the measurements of chlorophyll a fluorescence and H 2 O 2 accumulation under phytophagous insects feeding, we have demonstrated that S. lapponum was able to maintain photosynthesis under insect attack and that the accumulation of H 2 O 2 in leaf blades indicates local rather than systemic stress response to herbivore feeding. Phytophagous insects feeding caused relatively weak disruptions to host plant physiology and S. lapponum is able to maintain photosynthetic efficiency under insect attack. Variation in plant traits influence host plant selection and performance of herbivorous insects. Comparative studies are needed to assess the species composition and population numbers of insects occurring on plants from other S. lapponum populations. Detailed knowledge of the biotic factors affecting the occurrence of S. lapponum would facilitate establishment of the form of its conservation.

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“…By contrast, significant progress has been made in recent years towards the genetic transformation and in vitro regeneration of commercial banana and plantain varieties (Pérez Hernandez et al, 2006;Pommerrenig et al, 2006;Khanna et al, 2007), paving the way to the development of insectresistant transgenic banana lines. A number of recombinant proteins with pesticidal, antidigestive or antifeedant properties have been identified or devised over the years for the development of herbivorous pest-resistant crops by genetic transformation (Carlini and Grossi-de-Sá, 2002;Christou et al, 2006;Gatehouse, 2008;Zhu-Salzman et al, 2008). An engineered version of the rice cysteine protease inhibitor oryzacystatin I (OC-I) (Urwin et al, 1995) was shown, notably, to confer nematode resistance in transgenic banana lines genetically transformed with the corresponding transgene sequence (Atkinson et al, 2004a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deleterious effects of plant cystatins against the banana weevil Cosmopolites sordidus

Kiggundu

Muchwezi

Vyver

et al. 2009

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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The general potential of plant cystatins for the development of insect-resistant transgenic plants still remains to be established given the natural ability of several insects to compensate for the loss of active cysteine proteases following inhibitor ingestion. Here we assessed the potential of cystatins for the development of banana lines resistant to the banana weevil Cosmopolites sordidus, a major pest of banana and plantain in Africa. Protease inhibitory assays were first conducted with protein and methylcoumarin (MCA) peptide substrates to measure the inhibitory efficiency of different cystatins in vitro, followed by a diet bioassay with cystatin-infiltrated banana stem disks to monitor the impact of two plant cystatins, oryzacystatin I (OC-I, or OsCYS1)and papaya cystatin (CpCYS1), on the overall growth rate of young weevil larvae. As observed earlier for other Coleoptera, banana weevils produce a variety of proteases for dietary protein digestion, including in particular Z-Phe-Arg-MCA-hydrolyzing (cathepsin L-like) and Z-Arg-Arg- MCA-hydrolyzing (cathepsin B-like) proteases active in mildly acidic conditions. Both enzyme populations were sensitive to the diagnostic cysteine protease inhibitor E-64 and to different plant cystatins including OsCYS1. In line with these broad inhibitory effects of cystatins, OsCYS1 andCpCYS1 caused an important growth delay in young larvae developing for 10 days in cystatininfiltrated banana stem disks. These promising results, which illustrate the natural susceptibility of C. sordidus to plant cystatins, are discussed in the light of current genomic data on coleopteran cysteine cathepsins and recent hypotheses suggesting a key role for digestive cathepsin B-like enzymes as a determinant for resistance or susceptibility to plant cystatins in Coleoptera.Keywords: Banana weevil (Cosmopolites sordidus); banana (Musa spp.); cathepsin B-like proteases; cysteine cathepsins; plant cystatins; oryzacystatin I Plant cystatins against the banana weevil Page 3 INTRODUCTIONThe banana weevil Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is an insect pest of considerable importance in Africa, associated with the rapid decline of banana and plantain plantations (Gold, 1999a(Gold, , 2000Swennen and Vuylsteke, 2001;Gold et al., 2005). At the adult stage, banana weevil females deposit their eggs inside host plant tissues, at the base of the pseudostem or on an exposed corm. On hatching, the larvae tunnel through the corm to feed and develop, where they damage tissues, compromise water and mineral uptake, and weaken the colonized organs. Banana weevil infestations cause important losses in the field by a direct negative impact on harvestable bunch weight and a weakening effect on infested organs causing plant toppling during windstorms (Sengooba, 1986;Rukazambuga et al., 1998).Banana weevil control in Africa relies essentially on cultural and sanitation practices such as the use of clean planting material, the systematic trapping of adult weevils to prevent population build-up, an...

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Arthropod-Inducible Proteins: Broad Spectrum Defenses against Multiple Herbivores

Cited by 159 publications

References 82 publications

Plant Interactions with Arthropod Herbivores: State of the Field

Plant Interactions with Arthropod Herbivores: State of the Field

Salix lapponum L. vs. phytophagous insects – an assessment of the risks and the reaction of plants

Deleterious effects of plant cystatins against the banana weevil Cosmopolites sordidus

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