Arthrogenic Muscle Inhibition: 20 Years On

Hopkins, J. Ty; Ingersoll, Christopher D.

doi:10.1123/jsr.2022-0200

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Therefore, changes at the muscle level and in nerve conduction pathways could be factors that support understanding the delay in muscle reaction times observed in overweight/obese and overfat/obese children in our study. Finally, another factor that may contribute to the changes induced by excessive weight on muscle activation patterns is arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI) of the quadriceps ( Hopkins & Ingersoll, 2022 ). AMI refers to the phenomenon in which the quadriceps muscle activation is inhibited due to inflammation and/or joint edema ( Hopkins & Ingersoll, 2022 ; Konishi, Yoshii & Ingersoll, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, another factor that may contribute to the changes induced by excessive weight on muscle activation patterns is arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI) of the quadriceps ( Hopkins & Ingersoll, 2022 ). AMI refers to the phenomenon in which the quadriceps muscle activation is inhibited due to inflammation and/or joint edema ( Hopkins & Ingersoll, 2022 ; Konishi, Yoshii & Ingersoll, 2022 ). In persons with obesity, the additional weight can impose increased stress on the joints, resulting in chronic inflammation and joint dysfunction ( Hopkins & Ingersoll, 2022 ; Konishi, Yoshii & Ingersoll, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AMI refers to the phenomenon in which the quadriceps muscle activation is inhibited due to inflammation and/or joint edema ( Hopkins & Ingersoll, 2022 ; Konishi, Yoshii & Ingersoll, 2022 ). In persons with obesity, the additional weight can impose increased stress on the joints, resulting in chronic inflammation and joint dysfunction ( Hopkins & Ingersoll, 2022 ; Konishi, Yoshii & Ingersoll, 2022 ). Consequently, AMI could be an additional factor contributing to impaired motor function in the obese children examined in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Quadriceps muscle reaction time in obese children

Guzmán-Muñoz,

Mendez-Rebolledo,

Sazo-Rodriguez

et al. 2024

PeerJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aimed to determine the influence of obesity, according to body mass index (BMI) and fat mass percentage, on quadriceps muscle reaction times. The study utilized a cross-sectional design. The sample size consisted of 42 schoolchildren (54.5% girls) aged 11 to 12 years old. Participant measurements included weight and height, which were used to categorize individuals based on BMI. Additionally, the electrical bioimpedance technique was employed to categorize participants based on their body fat percentage. A sudden destabilization test of the lower limb was performed to assess the reaction time of the rectus femoris, vastus medialis, and vastus lateralis muscles. The results show that overweight/obese children have a longer muscle reaction time for both the rectus femoris (β = 18.13; p = 0.048) and the vastus lateralis (β = 14.51; p = 0.042). Likewise, when the children were classified by percentage of body fat the results showed that overfat/obese children have a longer muscle reaction time for both the rectus femoris (β = 18.13; p = 0.048) and the vastus lateralis (β = 14.51; p = 0.042). Our results indicate that BMI and fat mass classification negativity alter the muscle reaction time in children. Overweight/obese or overfat/obese children showed longer reaction times in the rectus femoris and vastus lateralis muscles compared to children with normal weight. Based on these findings, it is suggested that in overweight and obese children, efforts not only focus on reducing body weight but that be complemented with training and/or rehabilitation programs that focus on preserving the normal physiological function of the musculoskeletal system.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Quadriceps muscle reaction time in obese children

Guzmán-Muñoz,

Mendez-Rebolledo,

Sazo-Rodriguez

et al. 2024

PeerJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…4,44 Although AMI is thought to represent a protective mechanism against further injury (by limiting movement and force transmission through the joint), it can also pose a major challenge to effective rehabilitation and cause significant morbidity. 10,11,18,31 Sequalae of AMI include gait abnormality, quadriceps atrophy and weakness, poor function, dynamic instability, joint contracture, cyclops syndrome, persistent knee pain, proprioceptive deficits, impaired motor coordination, altered movement patterns, and early osteoarthritis. ** However, a recent scoping review demonstrated that there is moderate-quality evidence supporting the efficacy of physical exercises and cryotherapy in improving quadriceps activation failure after ACL injury and reconstruction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of and Risk Factors for Arthrogenic Muscle Inhibition in Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries: A Cross-Sectional Study and Analysis of Associated Factors From the SANTI Study Group

Sonnery-Cottet,

Hopper,

Gousopoulos

et al. 2024

Am J Sports Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI) is a process in which neural inhibition after injury or surgery to the knee results in quadriceps activation failure and knee extension deficit. Purpose: To determine the incidence and spectrum of the severity of AMI after acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury using the Sonnery-Cottet classification, to determine the interobserver reliability of the classification system, and to investigate potential important factors associated with AMI after ACL injury. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Consecutive patients who had an acute ACL injury between October 2021 and February 2022 were considered for study inclusion. Eligible patients underwent a standardized physical examination at their first outpatient appointment. This included an assessment of quadriceps inhibition, identification of any extension deficits, and grading of AMI and its reversibility according to the Sonnery-Cottet classification. Results: A total of 300 consecutive patients with acute ACL ruptures were prospectively enrolled in the study. Of them, 170 patients (56.7%) had AMI. Patients evaluated with AMI showed a significantly inferior Lysholm score, International Knee Documentation Committee score, Simple Knee Value, and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score than patients without AMI ( P < .0001). Multivariate analysis revealed that the presence of effusion, concomitant injuries, and high pain scores were associated with a significantly greater risk of AMI. Additional associations with the presence of AMI included a short duration between injury and evaluation, the use of crutches, and using a pillow as a support at night. In contrast, a previous ACL injury was associated with significantly lower odds of developing AMI (OR, 0.025; 95% CI, 0-0.2; P = .014). Among the 170 patients with AMI, 135 patients (79%) showed a resolution of their inhibition at the end of the consultation after application of simple exercises; the remaining 35 patients required specific rehabilitation. Interobserver reliability of the classification system was almost perfect (95% CI, 0.86-0.99). Conclusion: AMI occurs in over half of patients with acute ACL injuries. When it occurs, it is easily reversible in the majority of patients with simple exercises targeted at abolishing AMI. The presence of “red flags” should increase the index of suspicion for the presence of AMI, and these include the presence of an effusion, high pain scores, a short time between injury and evaluation, multiligament injuries, the use of crutches, and using a pillow as a support at night. Patients with a history of ipsilateral or contralateral ACL injury are at a significantly lower risk of AMI than those with a first-time ACL injury.

show abstract