Arthritogenicity of <i>Mycobacterium smegmati</i><i>s</i> Subfractions, Related to Different Oil Vehicle and Different Composition

Abstract

Arthrigenicity of Mycobacterium smegmatis subfractions appeared to be remarkably potentiated in oil vehicles such as squalane or mineral oil, while water-in-oil emulsions containing Arlacel A appeared to decrease or suppress their arthritogenicity. It seems that Arlacel A can exert a suppressive effect on the arthritogenicity of the subfractions. Poly I:C and acetylated wax D potentiated the arthritogenicity of lysozyme-solubilized product, while cord factor was unable to do so. When given together with either cell membrane fraction or cell envelope, the lysozyme-solubilized product produced much more severe disease than that of lysozyme-solubilized product alone. Cell walls lost much of their arthritogenicity when mixed with lysozyme-solubilized product.

Arthritogenicity of Wax D from Various Mycobacteria Related to Oil Vehicle Composition and to the Combination with Poly I:C, Cord Factor and Acetylated Wax D

“…Acetylated wax D which has proved to serve as an immunoadjuvant [14] but was unable to produce arthritis by itself [17] ap peared to potentiate the arthritogenicity of DEAE-wax D as previously reported with other mycobacterial components such as water-soluble portion of wax D [9] and ly sozyme-solubilized peptidoglycans of M. smegmatis [11]. However, with regard to other wax D, acetylated wax D or cord fac tor was much less effective for production of arthritis than that of poly 1:C.…”

“…In our previous report [11], it was found that Arlacel A as an emulsifier seems to suppress the arthritogenicity of mycobacterial components. The present study indicates that Arlacel A seems to suppress the arthritogenicity of wax D derived from human mixed strains of C, DT and PN, while Arlacel A seems to rather enhance the arthritogenicity of wax D derived from H37Rv.…”

“…This observation prompted us to study the effect of squalane on the arthritis-inducing ability of these wax D in order to understand the underlying pathogenesis of arthritis. Additionally, we also assessed to determine the arthritogenicity of these wax D when injected together with other immunoadjuvants, such as poly 1:C [5], acetylated wax D [14] and cord factor [3], since it has been reported that poly 1:C [11] and acetylated wax D [11] are able to remarkably enhance the arthritogenicity of mycobacterial components.…”

Effect of oil composition on both adjuvant-induced arthritis and delayed hypersensitivity to purified protein derivative and peptidoglycans in various rat strains

“…We have recently observed that various hydrosoluble peptidoglycans (PGs) from various bacterial cell walls are able not only to produce arthritis (7)(8)(9)(10), but also to serve as eliciting antigens of delayed skin hypersensitivity (10,11). To determine whether the delayed hypersensitivities to these PGs may play an etiological role in development of arthritis, we have sought a correlation between development of arthritis and delayed hypersensitivities to both hydrosoluble PGs and purified protein derivative (PPD) among different rat strains, from high responder to low responder, because some strain-dependent variation exists in the suscep-tibility of rats to arthritis (5,15,20).…”