Arteries of the orbit in the human being

Hayreh, Sohan Singh

doi:10.1002/bjs.18005022708

Cited by 96 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Figure 15 Origin, course, and branches of the ophthalmic artery in two adult specimens. Segment W 2 disappeared in (a), and segment X disappeared in (b), resulting in the ophthalmic artery crossing over the optic nerve in both cases (reproduced from Hayreh 67 ).…”

Section: External Carotid Artery Contributionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Genesis of variations of origin and course of the ophthalmic artery and pattern of its branches I have discussed the pathogenesis of variations in the origin and course of the ophthalmic artery and in the Figure 11 Intraorbital course of the ophthalmic artery, as seen from the lateral side of the optic nerve (reproduced from Hayreh 67 ). Figure 12 The pattern of the branches of the ophthalmic artery when it crosses (a) over and (b) under the optic nerve (reproduced from Hayreh 67 ).…”

Section: Termination Of the Ophthalmic Arterymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 12 The pattern of the branches of the ophthalmic artery when it crosses (a) over and (b) under the optic nerve (reproduced from Hayreh 67 ).…”

Section: Termination Of the Ophthalmic Arterymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…67 The following is a brief summary. The genesis can best be explained on the basis of the developmental history of the orbital arterial bed, as shown by the findings of Padget.…”

Section: Termination Of the Ophthalmic Arterymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Orbital vascular anatomy

Hayreh

2006

Eye

235

177

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The anatomy of the orbital vascular bed is highly complex, with tremendous interindividual variations. The main source of blood supply to the orbit is by the ophthalmic artery, the first branch of the internal carotid artery. The origin, course, and branches of the ophthalmic artery, and the genesis of the variations in origin, course, and branching pattern of the ophthalmic artery are discussed. The external carotid artery normally contributes only to a small extent to the orbital blood supply via the infraorbital artery and orbital branch of the middle meningeal artery. The complex, highly variable and confusing orbital venous system can be divided into: (i) main orbital veins (superior and inferior ophthalmic veins), (ii) inconstant orbital veins (middle and medial ophthalmic veins and four collateral veins), (iii) orbital venous networks, and (iv) various venous tributaries. All these are described briefly.

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Section: External Carotid Artery Contributionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Termination Of the Ophthalmic Arterymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 12 The pattern of the branches of the ophthalmic artery when it crosses (a) over and (b) under the optic nerve (reproduced from Hayreh 67 ).…”

Section: Termination Of the Ophthalmic Arterymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…67 The following is a brief summary. The genesis can best be explained on the basis of the developmental history of the orbital arterial bed, as shown by the findings of Padget.…”

Section: Termination Of the Ophthalmic Arterymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Orbital vascular anatomy

Hayreh

2006

Eye

235

177

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“…We owe much to Hayreh 13,14 and Hayreh and Dass 15,16 for our understanding of the anatomy of the ophthalmic artery. Its origin is variable as are its orbital branches and the following description is of the usual course and branching pattern.…”

Section: The Arterial Supply Of the Orbitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on orbital anatomy

René

2006

Eye

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The orbit is a confined space bounded by four bony walls. Apart from the globe, orbital fat, and extraocular muscles it contains many important neurovascular structures. It is intimately related to the paranasal sinuses as well as the anterior and middle cranial fossae. Consequently, sinus pathology and intracranial disease may spread to involve the orbit and the converse applies. A thorough understanding of orbital anatomy is essential to fully appreciate the effects of disease on the orbit and is of paramount importance for performing safe orbital surgery. The anatomy of the orbit is discussed with reference to relevant orbital disease.

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