Arterial wall thickening normalizes arterial wall tension with growth in American alligators, Alligator mississippiensis

Filogonio, Renato; Dubansky, Benjamin; Dubanský, B; Wang, Tobias; Elsey, Ruth M.; Leite, Cléo A. C.; Crossley, Dane A.

doi:10.1007/s00360-021-01353-1

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Other recent studies have found that in alligators and turtles, HR did not scale with body mass after injecting adrenaline. The lack of a scaling pattern contradicts prior studies on reptiles demonstrating HR decreases with body mass [82,83].…”

Section: Adjustment Of the Hr To Exercise In Vertebratescontrasting

confidence: 66%

“…There is an allometric relationship in snakes between arterial pressure and body mass (exponent = 0.15), probably because ventricular mass increases with the increase in body mass [147]. Resting systemic arterial pressure in crocodilians and lizards is similar to that of mammals, and is almost double in iguanas (finding mean blood pressure values in the iguana of 43.5 mmHg, in the varanus of 70 mmHg and in humans of 100 mmHg) [12,83].…”

Section: Adjustment Of Mean Arterial Pressure (Map) To Exercise In Ve...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiovascular Response to Exercise in Vertebrates: Update

López-Román,

Gómez-Lucas,

Jiménez-Herranz

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Physical exercise is the greatest stress on the cardiovascular system, not only in humans but also in all vertebrates. Consequently, the cardiovascular response cannot be thought of as having only one "anthropocentric" interpretation. The modulation of cardiac output (Q) in response to exercise in the five major groups of vertebrates exhibits considerable variability. Moreover, the response of the heart rate (HR) and the stroke volume (SV), the fundamental factors that cause the rise in Q, is also highly variable. The difference in the range of HR is difficult to determine in many vertebrates, both at rest and at maximal effort. Additionally, the increase in SV varies among vertebrates. For example, while rainbow trout and leopards increase their SV by increasing end diastolic volume (EDV), humans do so at the expense of both increasing EDV and reducing end systolic volume (ESV). The variation in arterial pressure that arises during exercise varies notably among vertebrates, such as amphibians, whose blood pressure values do not increase as significantly as in mammals. Such differences in cardiovascular response among vertebrates may be linked to their habitat or living environment. This review aims to analyze the cardiovascular response of vertebrates to physical exercise as the most common stressor.

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Section: Adjustment Of the Hr To Exercise In Vertebratescontrasting

confidence: 66%

Section: Adjustment Of Mean Arterial Pressure (Map) To Exercise In Ve...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Response to Exercise in Vertebrates: Update

López-Román,

Gómez-Lucas,

Jiménez-Herranz

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, these animals may require a wider pulmonary artery to accommodate the volume of blood flowing through these vessels, instead gaining a thicker aortic vessel wall to accommodate the higher systemic blood pressure. Indeed, In the American alligator, Alligator mississipiensis, a species with complete ventricular separation but with an ability to promote right-to-left shunts through the foramen of Panizza, the left pulmonary artery is narrower than the right aorta, corroborating the hypothesis (Filogonio et al, 2021). However, further study is required to ascertain the level of intracardiac shunting in A. madagascariensis and E. notaeus.…”

Section: Despite Differences In Morphology and Mechanical Characteris...mentioning

confidence: 67%

The mechanical and morphological properties of systemic and pulmonary arteries differ in the Madagascar ground boa, a snake without ventricular pressure separation

Soldt

Wang

Filogonio

et al. 2022

Journal of Experimental Biology

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The walls of the mammalian aorta and pulmonary artery are characterized by diverging morphologies and mechanical properties, which has been correlated with high systemic and low pulmonary blood pressures, as a result of intraventricular pressure separation. However, the relation between intraventricular pressure separation and diverging aortic and pulmonary artery wall morphologies and mechanical characteristics is not understood. The snake cardiovascular system poses a unique model for the study of this question, since representatives both with and without intraventricular pressure separation exist. In this study we perform uniaxial tensile testing on vessel samples taken from the aortas and pulmonary arteries of the earth boa, Acrantophis madagascariensis, a species without intraventricular pressure separation. We then compare these morphological and mechanical characteristics with samples from the ball python, Python regius, and the yellow anaconda, Eunectes notaeus, species with and without intraventricular pressure separation, respectively. Our data suggest that although the aortas and pulmonary arteries of A. madagascariensis respond similarly to the same intramural blood pressures, they diverge in morphology, and that this attribute extends to E. notaeus. In contrast, P. regius aortas and pulmonary arteries diverge both morphologically and in terms of their mechanical properties. Our data indicate that intraventricular pressure separation cannot fully explain diverging aortic and pulmonary artery morphologies. Following the Law of Laplace, we propose that pulmonary arteries of small luminal diameter represent a mechanism to protect the fragile pulmonary vasculature by reducing the blood volume that passes through, to which genetic factors may contribute more strongly than physiological parameters.

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“…There is an allometric relation in snakes between arterial pressure and body mass (exponent = 0.15), probably because the ventricular mass increases with the increase in body mass. Resting systemic arterial pressure in crocodiles and lizards is similar to that of mammals, and almost double in iguanas [7,53]. Therefore, the functional and anatomical divisions of the ventricle of reptiles are associated with higher systemic arterial pressure [54].…”

Section: Adjustment Of Mean Arterial Pressure (Map) To Exercise In Ve...mentioning

confidence: 97%

Cardiovascular Response to Exercise in Vertebrates: A Review

López-Román,

Jiménez-Herranz,

Calderón-Montero

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exercise is the greatest stress for the cardiovascular system, not only for the human being but for the rest of vertebrates. For this reason, the cardiovascular response cannot be considered as only one “anthropocentric” meaning. The adjustment of cardiac output to exercise in the five large groups of vertebrates is highly variable. The response of the heart rate and the stroke volume as the main two basic factors that determine the increase in cardiac output is also highly variable. The difference in the range of heart rate is difficult to determine in many vertebrates, both at rest and maximum effort. The increase in stroke volume also differs among vertebrates. For example, while rainbow trout and leopard increase their stroke volume by increasing final diastolic volume (Frank Starling's law), humans do so at the expense of both increasing final diastolic volume and reducing final stroke volume (contractility). The variation in arterial pressure that occurs during exercise also differs considerably among vertebrates. Large differences in cardiovascular response between different vertebrates could be related to their habitat or living environment. This review aims to analyze the cardiovascular response to exercise, as the most common stress condition in vertebrates.

show abstract

Arterial wall thickening normalizes arterial wall tension with growth in American alligators, Alligator mississippiensis

Cited by 6 publications

References 51 publications

Cardiovascular Response to Exercise in Vertebrates: Update

Cardiovascular Response to Exercise in Vertebrates: Update

The mechanical and morphological properties of systemic and pulmonary arteries differ in the Madagascar ground boa, a snake without ventricular pressure separation

Cardiovascular Response to Exercise in Vertebrates: A Review

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