Arterial supply of the upper cranial nerves: A comprehensive review

Hendrix, Philipp; Griessenauer, Christoph J.; Foreman, Paul M.; Shoja, Mohammadali Mohajel; Loukas, Marios; Tubbs, R. Shane

doi:10.1002/ca.22415

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…In the presented cohort, 7/9 patients underwent a frontolateral approach via a supraorbital or pterional approach. Olfactory nerve damage during frontolateral craniotomy include avulsion from the cribriform plate owing to frontal lobe retraction, injury to the tract during dissection causing axonal damage or disruption of arterial supply causing ischemia (Cardali et al, ; Hendrix et al, ). Surgical complications predispose patients to neurological deterioration (Buhl et al, ; Sanai et al, ; Grossman et al, ; Bartek et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perioperative olfactory dysfunction in patients with meningiomas of the anteromedial skull base

et al. 2019

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Olfactory dysfunction represents a main symptom in olfactory groove meningiomas (OGM). Besides this, olfactory function has been sparsely investigated in patients suffering from supratentorial meningiomas. Here, the authors explore pre‐ and postoperative variables associated with olfactory dysfunction in supratentorial meningioma patients. This is a retrospective study on supratentorial meningioma patients who underwent meningioma resection between January 2015 and January 2016. Preoperative and postoperative olfactory performance was quantified using a lateralized sniffin' stick odor identification test. Meningiomas affecting the olfactory system (n = 23) were compared to meningiomas in other locations among the control group (n = 40). Meningiomas that affected the olfactory system had odds of 3.6 and 3.7 in being associated with ipsilateral (lesional) and bilateral anosmia, respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed that meningiomas causing a midline shift across the frontal base and older age represented risk factors for preoperative anosmia. The odds of experiencing acquired postoperative ipsilateral anosmia were significantly increased in olfactory system affecting meningiomas (OR 11.1). Subgroup analysis highlighted OGMs to represent the predominant location associated with deterioration. General surgical complications predisposed patients to loss of contralateral (OR 12.3) and bilateral olfactory function (OR 27.8). Older age and meningiomas causing a midline shift across the frontal base predispose patients to preoperative olfactory dysfunction. Resection of OGMs and surgical complications are risk factors for postoperative olfactory deterioration to anosmia. Likely, olfactory dysfunction is underrecognized even in OGMs. In OGM surgery, however, preoperative lateralized testing might be critical to selecting an appropriate surgical route to preserve olfactory function. Clin. Anat. 32:524–533, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perioperative olfactory dysfunction in patients with meningiomas of the anteromedial skull base

et al. 2019

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“…, B3). Thus, ACA, ACOM, and OA aneurysm locations display an anatomic risk factor potentially hampering olfactory function due to thromboembolic ischemic events or neurovascular compression (Hendrix et al, ). Kelkar et al () reported a case of bilateral ophthalmic aneurysms causing hyposmia which moderately improved after bilateral flow diversion and consequent aneurysm occlusion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory dysfunction in patients undergoing supraorbital keyhole craniotomy for clipping of unruptured aneurysms

et al. 2019

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Olfactory performance has rarely been assessed in the perioperative phase of elective aneurysm surgery. Here, we assessed the risk for olfactory deterioration following surgical treatment of unruptured cerebral aneurysm via the supraorbital keyhole craniotomy. A retrospective review of patients with electively treated cerebral aneurysms who underwent perioperative assessment of olfactory function using a sniffin' sticks odor identification test between January 2015 and January 2016 was performed. A subgroup of patients without history of subarachnoid hemorrhage, without prior aneurysm treatment, and confirmed olfactory function underwent supraorbital keyhole craniotomy for aneurysm clipping. Microscopic and endoscopic videos were reviewed for this subgroup. Sixty-four patients who underwent elective aneurysm treatment either via surgical clipping or endovascular aneurysm obliteration were identified. Prior to treatment, 4/64 (6.3%) demonstrated bilateral anosmia. Collectively, 14 patients (21.9%) met subgroup criteria of supraorbital keyhole craniotomy for aneurysm clipping. Here, olfactory performance significantly decreased postoperatively on the side of craniotomy (ipsilateral, P = 0.007), whereas contralateral and bilateral olfactory function remained unaltered (P = 0.301 and P = 0.582, respectively). Consequently, 4/14 patients (28.6%) demonstrated ipsilateral anosmia 3 months after surgery. One patient (1/14, 7.1%) also experienced contralateral anosmia resulting in bilateral anosmia. Intraoperative visualization of the olfactory tract and surgical maneuvers do not facilitate prediction of olfactory outcome. The supraorbital keyhole craniotomy harbors a specific risk for unilateral olfactory deterioration. Lack of perioperative olfactory assessment likely results in underestimation of the risk for olfactory decline. Despite uneventful surgery, prediction of postoperative olfactory function and dysfunction remain challenging. Clin. Anat. 33:316-323, 2020.

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“…Accurate understanding of the angioarchitecture of a dAVF is paramount when selecting the best treatment approach. Transvenous embolization is still preferred when dAVF has supply from arteries which supply cranial nerves, predominantly the internal carotid artery, and potentially extracranial to intracranial anastomosis (Natarajan et al, ; Hendrix et al, a,b). Transvenous embolization, however, may not be feasible when the venous system is stenosed or occluded (Hu et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle meningeal artery: Gateway for effective transarterial Onyx embolization of dural arteriovenous fistulas

Griessenauer

Salem

et al. 2016

Clinical Anatomy

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Curative transarterial embolization of noncavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs) is challenging. We sought to evaluate the role of the middle meningeal artery (MMA) in endovascular treatment of these lesions. We performed a retrospective cohort study on patients who underwent transarterial Onyx embolization of a noncavernous sinus dAVFs with contribution from the MMA at a major academic institution in the United States from January 2009 to January 2015. Twenty consecutive patients who underwent transarterial Onyx embolization of a noncavernous sinus dAVF were identified. One patient was excluded as there was no MMA contribution to the dAVF. All of the remaining 19 patients (61.3 ± 13.8 years of age) underwent transarterial embolization through the MMA. Six patients (31.6%) presented with intraparenchymal or subarachnoid hemorrhage from the dAVF. The overall angiographic cure rate was 73.7% upon last follow up. In 71.4% of successfully treated patients transarterial embolization of the MMA alone was sufficient to achieve angiographic cure. When robust MMA supply was present, MMA embolization resulted in angiographic cure even after embolization of other arterial feeders had failed in 92.9% of patients. A robust contribution of the MMA to the fistula was the single most important predictor for successful embolization (P = 0.00129). We attribute our findings to the fairly straight, non-tortuous course of the MMA that facilitates microcatheter access, navigation, and Onyx penetration. Noncavernous sinus dAVF can be successfully embolized with transarterial Onyx through the MMA, as long as supply is robust. A transvenous approach is rarely necessary. Clin. Anat. 29:718-728, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Arterial supply of the upper cranial nerves: A comprehensive review

Cited by 29 publications

References 60 publications

Perioperative olfactory dysfunction in patients with meningiomas of the anteromedial skull base

Perioperative olfactory dysfunction in patients with meningiomas of the anteromedial skull base

Olfactory dysfunction in patients undergoing supraorbital keyhole craniotomy for clipping of unruptured aneurysms

Middle meningeal artery: Gateway for effective transarterial Onyx embolization of dural arteriovenous fistulas

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