Arterial Chemoreceptors

Eyzaguirre, C.; Fitzgerald, Robert S.; Lahiri, S.; Zapata, P.

doi:10.1002/cphy.cp020316

Cited by 29 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 467 publications

(249 reference statements)

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“…These nerves carry autonomic traffic for both the chemoreceptors and the adjacent baroreceptors. In the glomera, they branch extensively, innervating 10-20 glomus cells, which form the sensory unit [7]. Each fiber may distribute both afferent or post-synaptic nerve endings, the junctions of which are characterized by the secretory vesicles residing in the glomus cells and efferent or presynaptic nerve endings, where the secretory vesicles are directly resident.…”

Section: Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each fiber may distribute both afferent or post-synaptic nerve endings, the junctions of which are characterized by the secretory vesicles residing in the glomus cells and efferent or presynaptic nerve endings, where the secretory vesicles are directly resident. Efferent fibers may modulate receptor function by secreting neuromodulators which alter glomus cell function, or by altering blood flow to the sensory unit, which in turn alters the stimulus to the receptor discharge [7].…”

Section: Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The integrated response of the peripheral chemoreceptors lies in the transduction of alterations in the chemical milieu, regulating the tonicity, or the temperature of their environment to alterations in cardiovascular and respiratory performance [7]. Although the carotid chemoreceptors respond to changes in both oxygen and acid-base status, the aortic chemoreceptors are much more sensitive to oxygen, and as such have been considered to have the physiological function of oxygen sensors [12,13].…”

Section: Integrated Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peripheral Chemoreceptors and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: A Wide Open Problem

Matturri¹,

Ottaviani²,

Lavezzi³

et al. 2005

CCR

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This review will focus on the basic mechanisms of the peripheral chemoreceptors elicited by studies on mature chemoreceptors and on the alterations observed in these structures related to sudden infant death. The integrated response of the peripheral chemoreceptors consists of the transduction of alterations in the chemical milieu, regulating the temperature of their environment to alterations in cardiovascular and respiratory performance. Over the years, much has been written about the relative importance of the carotid and aortic bodies in the peripheral chemoreceptor response, and it is therefore worthwhile to consider the current state-of-the-art on that issue. Several lines of evidence have suggested that abnormalities in chemoreception may play a role in central hypoventilation syndromes. The sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) involves a failure of respiration and affects infants in their early postnatal months. Unstable respiratory activity during sleep, prolonged sleep apnea, and oropharyngeal/laryngeal dysfunction induced by liquid stimulation of the upper airways have been postulated to be implicated in its genesis. It has also been found that in comparison with normal infants, infants suffering from the "aborted syndrome" (near-miss infants) are hypoventilated during quiet sleep, and have an impaired ventilatory response to carbon dioxide breathing.

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Section: Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Integrated Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Peripheral Chemoreceptors and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: A Wide Open Problem

Matturri¹,

Ottaviani²,

Lavezzi³

et al. 2005

CCR

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“…The nervous system -acting through the autonomic nervous system (ANS)-coordinates the fine-tuning of cardiorespiratory interplay, to maintain an appropriate oxygen delivery to the tissues (Abboud & Thames, 1983;Eyzaguirre et al, 1983). Autonomic (sympatheticparasympathetic) balance is maintained by several reflex arcs, like arterial baroreflexes (Kirchheim, 1976), central chemoreflexes, peripheral arterial chemoreflexes, and pulmonary stretch reflexes (Liljestrand, 1958).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Reflex Control of Inflammation During Sepsis Syndromes

Fernández¹,

Acuña-Castillo²

2012

Sepsis - An Ongoing and Significant Challenge

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“…INTRODUCTION It is known that the aortic chemoreceptors are stimulated by hypoxia and hypotension (Lee, Mayou & Torrance, 1964) and reduction in oxygen availability (Paintal, 1967). However, there is no agreement about the basic mechanism of stimulation (see Eyzaguirre, Fitzgerald, Lahiri & Zapata, 1983). Among other reasons, this could be due to some extent to considerable variation in the results obtained in different laboratories.…”

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confidence: 99%

The influence of the sympathetic outflow on aortic chemoreceptors of the cat during hypoxia and hypercapnia.

Anand

Paintal

1988

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. An attempt has been made to reconcile differing observations, made by different groups of investigators, on the responses of aortic chemoreceptors of cats during normoxia, hypoxia and hypercapnia.2. In cats anaesthetized with sodium pentobarbitone it was observed that during hypoxic stimulation of twelve chemoreceptors, an intravenous injection of about 20 mg sodium pentobarbitone produced hypotension which was accompanied by an initial fall in chemoreceptor activity instead of the expected increase that invariably occurred in all the receptors when hypotension was produced mechanically by distending a balloon in the right atrium (twenty-six during normoxia, eleven during hypoxia and eight during hypercapnia).3. In twelve receptors a reflex fall in blood pressure produced by injecting 8-25 ,ug veratridine (Bezold-Jarisch reflex) yielded results qualitatively similar to those following injection of sodium pentobarbitone.4. In sixteen out of twenty-five chemoreceptors it was observed that ventilating the cat with 5-6-6-7 % CO2 produced either no or little increase in activity; in nine receptors there was a clear increase in activity, which fell initially or was abolished after injecting a single dose of 20 mg sodium pentobarbitone. 5. In all seven chemoreceptors tested in seven deeply anaesthetized cats it was found that a larger dose (about 50-60 mg) of sodium pentobarbitone had no direct depressant effect on aortic chemoreceptor activity. It followed that the initial depressant effect of the much smaller doses of sodium pentobarbitone observed during hypoxic and hypercapnic stimulation (see above) must be due to reduction in the sympathetic outflow to the aortic bodies. This conclusion was supported by the results following injections of veratridine.6. By comparing the present results with those reported previously it was concluded that the variations in the responses of aortic chemoreceptors during hypoxia and hypercapnia reported by different investigators could be partly due to variations in the level of sympathetic activity prevailing under different experimental conditions.

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Arterial Chemoreceptors

Cited by 29 publications

References 467 publications

Peripheral Chemoreceptors and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: A Wide Open Problem

Peripheral Chemoreceptors and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: A Wide Open Problem

Neural Reflex Control of Inflammation During Sepsis Syndromes

The influence of the sympathetic outflow on aortic chemoreceptors of the cat during hypoxia and hypercapnia.

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