Arsenic, Iron, and Manganese Adsorption in Single and Trinary Heavy Metal Solution Systems by Bamboo-Derived Biochars

Abstract

Currently, heavy metal-contaminated groundwater is an environmental concern. This study investigated the use of bamboo biochar, chitosan-impregnated biochar, and iron-impregnated biochar for arsenic, iron, and manganese removal from groundwater. Isotherms of arsenic, iron, and manganese adsorption by bamboo derived biochar were compared with those of commercial activated carbon in simulated groundwater composed of single and trinary heavy metal solutions. The binding of heavy metals by virgin and loaded bamboo biochar and activated carbon was also investigated by sequential extraction. Chitosan and iron-impregnated biochar had enhanced arsenic adsorption, but these sorbents turned the pH of solution acidic, while it was alkaline for activated carbon. Adsorption equilibrium times of arsenic and iron were faster for single than trinary heavy metal systems because less ion competition occurred at active sites. The Langmuir model fitted the adsorption data well. The maximum adsorption capacities of arsenic, iron, and manganese by bamboo biochar in trinary heavy metal system were 2.2568, 0.6393, and 1.3541 mg g−1, respectively. The main mechanism for arsenic removal was precipitation with iron. Bamboo biochar bound iron in organic and sulfide fractions and manganese with iron-oxide. Bamboo biochar can replace activated carbon as a more efficient and sustainable carbonaceous sorbent material for removal of mixed heavy metals from groundwater within acceptable pH ranges.

Adsorption Kinetics of Cadmium and Lead by Biochars in Single- and Bisolute Brackish Water Systems

“…Mangrove, bamboo, and palm shell were collected from local communities in Thailand. Biochars derived from mangrove (MB) and bamboo (BB) were produced in a traditional brick kiln under slow pyrolysis at 500 ± 100 °C (adopted from Be et al 29 and Pinisakul et al 30 ). Palm-shell-derived biochar (PSB) was produced in an iron bucket under slow pyrolysis at 400 ± 100 °C.…”

Effect of the non-uniform combustion core shape on the biochar production characteristics of the household biomass gasifier stove

“…The BB-C2 sample has a less rough or cracked outside surface, as seen in Figures 11(a) and 11(a-1), due to less fluctuation of temperature while slow low heating rates occurred (Ong et al, 2021;Zhang et al, 2020) during the pyrolysis process of the stove, and heat is likely to transfer through the longitudinal direction rather than in the radius direction of bamboo wood chunks (Kalderis et al, 2023;Pinisakul et al, 2023). However, increasing pyrolysis temperature results in improved total surface and pore volumes of biochar (Binh et al, 2022;Hettithanthri et al, 2023;Faraji et al, 2023), but a thinner wall of the pore was found due to the decomposition of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin with increased temperature (Figures 11b and 11b-1).…”

Study of graphene incorporation into ZnO-PVA nanocomposites modified electrode for sensitive detection of cadmium

“…With the current rise in industrial activity, there is an accompanying increase in the discharge of industrial effluents containing various unknown inorganic contaminants. Among these contaminants are hazardous heavy metals, including copper (Cu) [ 1 ], mercury (Hg) [ 2 ], lead (Pb) [ 3 ], cadmium (Cd) [ 4 ], cobalt (Co) [ 5 ], arsenic (As) [ 6 ], and iron (Fe) [ 7 ]. Even at low concentrations, the heavy metals cause health risks when they accumulate in the human body, leading to issues such as anorexia, hepatitis, nephritis syndrome, kidney damage, insomnia, and cancer [ 8 ].…”