Arsenic in the prepared edible brown alga hijiki, <i>Hizikia fusiforme</i>

Hanaoka, Ken’ichi; Yosida, Kenta; Tamano, Mie; Kuroiwa, Takayoshi; Kaise, Toshikazu; Miyagawa, Shigeru

doi:10.1002/aoc.195

Cited by 75 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The losses of arsenic were caused by solubilization in the cooking water. Hanaoka et al 8 have shown that treatments of washing and soaking with water applied before cooking reduce the t-As content of H. fusiforme in a range from 32% to 60%, the reduction being due mainly to loss of i-As. In our work, the results obtained after analysis of batch A, i.e.…”

Section: The T-as and I-as Contents In Raw And Cooked H Fusiformementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For edible seaweed the situation might well be different, as high contents of i-As have been quantified in species such as Hizikia fusiforme, 4 -7 attaining 135 mg kg −1 dry weight (DW), 91% of the total arsenic (tAs). 8 These high contents do not seem to be attributable to growth of the seaweed in an environment contaminated by arsenic, but rather to its natural tendency to accumulate iAs. We are not aware of any studies that evaluate dietary exposure to i-As in seaweed, but an estimation performed by Almela et al 6 on the basis of an analysis of various seaweeds showed that the risk of exceeding the PTWI value is a reality with a consumption of 3 g day −1 of H. fusiforme.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Bioaccessibility of inorganic arsenic species in raw and cooked Hizikia fusiforme seaweed

Laparra

Vélez

Montoro

et al. 2004

Applied Organom Chemis

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Samples of Hizikia fusiforme edible seaweed, a commercially available dried food with high concentrations of total arsenic (t-As) and inorganic arsenic (i-As), both raw and cooked (boiling at 100 • C, 20 min), were selected for the bioaccessibility study. Cooking caused a significant reduction in the concentrations of t-As (30-43%) and i-As (46-50%), despite which the i-As contents in the cooked product were high (42.7-44.6 µg g −1 seaweed). An in vitro gastrointestinal digestion (pepsin, pH 2, and pancreatin-bile extract, pH 7) was applied to the seaweed to estimate arsenic bioaccessibility (maximum soluble concentration in gastrointestinal medium) of t-As, i-As, arsenic(III) and arsenic(V). The influence of the gastric and intestinal stages of the in vitro digestion method was evaluated. The gastric stage is the key stage in the solubilization of both t-As and i-As. The bioaccessible i-As in raw seaweed (54.0-66.5%) increases after cooking (78.3-84.4%), a fact that is considered to be of interest because this is the usual form in which this seaweed is ingested. Speciation of the i-As in the bioaccessible fraction revealed a different arsenic(III)/arsenic(V) relationship in the product when raw or cooked. When raw, the majority species was arsenic(III) after either the gastric or the gastrointestinal stage, whereas in the cooked product it depended on the batch analysed, with bioaccessible arsenic(III) contents of 7.1-25.4 µg g −1 of dried seaweed, which represents 5-17% of the i-As tolerable daily intake.

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Section: The T-as and I-as Contents In Raw And Cooked H Fusiformementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Bioaccessibility of inorganic arsenic species in raw and cooked Hizikia fusiforme seaweed

Laparra

Vélez

Montoro

et al. 2004

Applied Organom Chemis

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“…6,7) Previous studies on arsenic in seaweed have shown that the majority of arsenic can easily be extracted by water or water/methanol extraction. 34) Our values of the total-As obtained by water extraction using ultrasonication are consistent with the values already reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5) The iAs concentration in hijiki depends on the producing district and manufacturing method. 6,7) Five oxoarsenosugars (oxo-AsSugs) have been detected in hijiki as well as other seaweeds. [8][9][10] In humans, oxo-AsSug is metabolized and excreted into urine as dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) and several oxoor thio-dimethylarsenic compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speciation Analysis of Arsenics in Commercial Hijiki by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-tandem-mass Spectrometry and High Performance Liquid Chromatography-inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Shimoda

Suzuki

Endo

et al. 2010

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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Edible brown alga (hijiki in Japanese, Hijikia fusiforme) contains not only a high content of inorganic arsenic (iAs) but also various arsenosugars (AsSugs) which are metabolized to dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) in mammals. Since DMA is considered to be carcinogenic in rodents, it is necessary to accurately measure the contents of AsSugs as well as iAs for the risk assessment of seaweed consumption. Seven commercially available dried-hijiki products and two raw hijiki products were analyzed. Total-As was measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) with the Dynamic Reaction Cell (DRC) mode after acid-digestion. After water-extraction, AsSugs were detected by HPLC-MS/MS with multiple reaction monitoring in the positive ion mode and speciation analysis of arsenics was performed by HPLC-ICP-MS. The ranges of total-As obtained by acid digestion (A-TAs) in nine hijiki samples were 37.1-118.6 µg As/g dry weight (dw), and those of water extracted total-As (W-TAs) were 18.4-81.0 µg As/g dw. The ratios of water extracted iAs (W-iAs) to A-TAs ranged from 24.5 to 60.1%. The major compound detected was arsenate in all samples (8.9-70.5 µg As/g dw). Dimethylarsenosugar sulfate, AsSug 408, showed the highest peak among AsSugs detected. The content ratio of water extracted AsSugs (W-AsS) to A-TAs was estimated to be from 3.7 to 27.6%. The contents of A-TAs, W-iAs and W-AsS varied depending on the hijiki product. HPLC-MS/MS detected AsSugs more sensitively than HPLC-ICP-MS. Since iAs could not be detected by HPLC-MS/MS, combined analysis consisting of HPLC-MS/MS and HPLC-ICP-MS is necessary for accurate determination of arsenic species in seaweed products and also for the toxicological evaluation of AsSugs.

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“…4,5,10 -14 Total arsenic concentrations in these marine organisms are reported *Correspondence to: Mio Takeuchi, Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan. E-mail: takeuchi-mio@aist.go.jp to be <231.0 mg kg −1 dry weight for macroalgae 15 and <340.1 mg kg −1 wet weight for marine animals. 1 The concentrations of these organoarsenicals in marine organisms are well known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and fate of biologically formed organoarsenicals in coastal marine sediment

Takeuchi

Terada

Nanba

et al. 2005

Appl. Organometal. Chem.

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Marine organisms, including phyto-and zoo-plankton, macroalgae, and animals, concentrate arsenic in various organic forms. However, the distribution and fate of these organoarsenicals in marine environments remains unclear. In this study, the distribution of organoarsenicals in coastal marine sediment in Otsuchi Bay, Japan, has been determined. Methylarsonic acid, dimethylarsinic acid, trimethylarsine oxide, arsenobetaine, arsenocholine and other unidentified arsenic species were detected in marine sediment by high-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis of methanol-water extracts. Arsenobetaine was the dominant organoarsenical at four of the seven stations where tests were carried out, and unidentified species or dimethylarsinic acid dominated at the other stations. Total organoarsenicals (as arsenic) in the surface sediment amounted to 10.6-47.5 µg kg −1 dry sediment. Core analysis revealed that concentrations of organoarsenicals decreased with depth, and they are considered to be degraded within 60 years of deposition. These results show that organoarsenicals formed by marine organisms are delivered to the sediment and can be degraded within several decades.

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Arsenic in the prepared edible brown alga hijiki, Hizikia fusiforme

Cited by 75 publications

References 15 publications

Bioaccessibility of inorganic arsenic species in raw and cooked Hizikia fusiforme seaweed

Bioaccessibility of inorganic arsenic species in raw and cooked Hizikia fusiforme seaweed

Speciation Analysis of Arsenics in Commercial Hijiki by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-tandem-mass Spectrometry and High Performance Liquid Chromatography-inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Distribution and fate of biologically formed organoarsenicals in coastal marine sediment

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