Arsenic association and stability in long-term disposed arsenic residues

Chemical speciation, mobility and phyto-accessibility of heavy metals in fly ash and slag from combustion of pelletized municipal sewage sludge

“…Lundholm et al (2007) reported that arsenic in the sludge bottom ash was found as calcium arsenate, unlike Cr and Cu which are found as the spinel phase. The solubility of the calcium arsenate phases was relatively high, which varied from 4.4 × 10 2 to 9.2 × 10 2 mg l −1 As (Pantuzzo and Ciminelli, 2010). Therefore, the direct toxicity of As in slag was increased.…”

As(III) immobilization on gibbsite: Investigation of the complexation mechanism by combining EXAFS analyses and DFT calculations

“…The environmental implications of the presence of gibbsite were also highlighted, since it is thermodynamically more stable than iron oxides under anaerobic conditions, such as those found in waterlogged soils and lake sediments. In another work, Pantuzzo and Ciminelli (2010) investigated arsenic association and the long-term stability of disposed arsenic residues. The authors have found indications that, in addition to iron and calcium, arsenic was also associated to Al in the form of Al-arsenate co-precipitates in the residues aged for around 20 years.…”

A study on soil-environmental quality criteria and standards of arsenic

“…There are many factors affecting fate and behaviors of As in soils, resulting in various risks on aquatic environment, such as pH, concentration of phosphate, ionic strength, and clay content (Tyrovola and Nikolaidis, 2009;Sahu et al, 2012;Pantuzzo and Ciminelli, 2010). Therefore, in the choice of parameter values as input data to calculate SQC, several factors should be accounted for.…”