Arrest Prevalence in a National Sample of Adults: The Role of Sex and Race/Ethnicity

Barnes, J. C.; Jorgensen, Cody; Beaver, Kevin M.; Boutwell, Brian B.; Wright, John Paul

doi:10.1007/s12103-014-9273-3

Cited by 63 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Racial disparities in arrest are an ongoing issue that should be alarming to the public. Individuals who identify as Black are twice as likely to be arrested as individuals who identify as White (Barnes et al, 2014). Moving beyond examining likelihood for arrest, our study examined differences in frequency of arrest, and after controlling for factors implicating three different theories, we estimate this rate to be seven times greater for Black young adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Racial Disparities in Arrests: A Race Specific Model Explaining Arrest Rates Across Black and White Young Adults

Schleiden

Soloski

Milstead

et al. 2020

Child Adolesc Soc Work J

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Three theories attempt to explain the racial disparities in arrest between White and Black Americans: Differential Involvement Hypothesis, Differential Selection and Processing Hypothesis, and Social Disorganization Theory. We tested these hypotheses simultaneously in a multiple-group longitudinal panel model with the ADD Health dataset (Black n = 2459, White n = 7403). After controlling for contextual and behavioral factors, we still found Black young adults were arrested seven times more often than their White counterparts. To maintain cultural competence, it is imperative for clinicians to be aware of these disparities when working with families of different races in order to adjust treatment accordingly, but advocacy for greater systemic change may be more important for some communities than therapy alone.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Racial Disparities in Arrests: A Race Specific Model Explaining Arrest Rates Across Black and White Young Adults

Schleiden

Soloski

Milstead

et al. 2020

Child Adolesc Soc Work J

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“…We have no trouble believing, for example, that some youngsters are better at focusing in on academic tasks than others (i.e., that there are good students and not-so-good students), or that some people are better at meeting the demands of honest employment than others (i.e., that there are good employees and lousy ones). Yet in much the same way, some people are simply more successful at engaging in crime than others (see generally, Barnes et al, 2015; Brame et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“I Suck at Everything”: Crime, Arrest, and the Generality of Failure

et al. 2016

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In this paper we advance the idea that getting arrested amounts to “failing at crime.” And akin to the notion of the generality of deviance—where those who engage in any given form of criminal behavior are also likely to engage in a wide array of other problematic behaviors—we examine whether failing at crime (getting arrested) is associated with other forms of life failure. Using data from multiple waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, our results reveal that, independent of one’s level of self-reported criminal behavior and other key potential confounders (IQ and self-control), being arrested is a significant predictor of a host of life failures related to education, employment, relationships, and health. The key implication of our study is that it highlights the need to develop a theory of the “generality of failure.”

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“…Additionally, the cumulative prevalence of arrest is significantly higher for males than females, regardless of race/ethnicity, as approximately 12% of females are arrested by the age of 23. Other research similarly demonstrated that approximately 30% of adults (ages 24–34) had been arrested, with a significantly higher prevalence of arrest among Native Americans, Blacks, and Hispanics compared to Whites and Asian Americans [10]. A larger percentage of adult males also self-reported a history of arrest (41%) compared to adult females (17%; [10]).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other research similarly demonstrated that approximately 30% of adults (ages 24–34) had been arrested, with a significantly higher prevalence of arrest among Native Americans, Blacks, and Hispanics compared to Whites and Asian Americans [10]. A larger percentage of adult males also self-reported a history of arrest (41%) compared to adult females (17%; [10]). No known studies from nationally representative samples examine the cumulative prevalence of arrest later in the life course (through late 30s or 40s).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Criminal Justice Contact Across Generations: Assessing the Intergenerational Labeling Hypothesis

Augustyn

Ward

Krohn

et al. 2019

J Dev Life Course Criminology

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Purpose The present study assesses the intergenerational labeling hypothesis and examines whether the relationship between a child’s involuntary contact with the police and subsequent offending depends on parental arrest history (and its timing in the life course of the child) and parent sex. Methods Using data from 312 parent-child dyads from the Rochester Youth Development Study and Rochester Intergenerational Study, generalized linear regression models estimate the main and interactive effects of a child’s involuntary contact and parental arrest history on subsequent delinquency as well as potential mechanisms for deviance amplification. Results Main effects are consistent with labeling theory and moderation analyses reveal that the impact of involuntary contact on subsequent delinquency depends on parental arrest history. More specifically, contact with the police on subsequent offending is greater when the focal parent has an arrest history, regardless of when the most recent arrest occurs in the life course of the child. However, some differences in the magnitude of the exacerbating effect of recent parental arrest emerged. Results also speak to potential mechanisms across mother-child and father-child dyads with respect to deviance amplification. Conclusions This research supports the life-course principles of “linked lives” and “timing in lives” and their application to labeling theory in an intergenerational context. To reduce deviance amplification, special attention should be paid to youth who experience a police contact in the context of a parental arrest history.

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Arrest Prevalence in a National Sample of Adults: The Role of Sex and Race/Ethnicity

Cited by 63 publications

References 8 publications

Racial Disparities in Arrests: A Race Specific Model Explaining Arrest Rates Across Black and White Young Adults

Racial Disparities in Arrests: A Race Specific Model Explaining Arrest Rates Across Black and White Young Adults

“I Suck at Everything”: Crime, Arrest, and the Generality of Failure

Criminal Justice Contact Across Generations: Assessing the Intergenerational Labeling Hypothesis

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