Arp2/3-Dependent Psuedocleavage Furrow Assembly in Syncytial Drosophila Embryos

Stevenson, Victoria A.; Hudson, Andrew M.; Cooley, Lynn; Theurkauf, William E.

doi:10.1016/s0960-9822(02)00807-2

Cited by 83 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In syncytial embryos, Arp3 is enriched in the vicinity of actin structures, but is not restricted to these locations (Stevenson et al, 2002). Its localization later in embryogenesis was not previously reported.…”

Section: The Localization Of Cytoskeletal Regulatorsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…To test this hypothesis, genetic analyses will be necessary. This presents significant obstacles, as Arp2/3 (Stevenson et al, 2002) and Dia (Afshar et al, 2000) are required for much earlier events (syncytial stages and cellularization), while maternal Ena plays a role in oogenesis (J. Gates, J. P. Mahaffey and M.P., unpublished data), complicating analysis of loss-of-function mutants.…”

Section: Journal Of Cell Science 119 (3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytoskeletal dynamics and cell signaling during planar polarity establishment in theDrosophilaembryonic denticle

Price

Roberts

McCartney

et al. 2006

Journal of Cell Science

112

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Many epithelial cells are polarized along the plane of the epithelium, a property termed planar cell polarity. The Drosophila wing and eye imaginal discs are the premier models of this process. Many proteins required for polarity establishment and its translation into cytoskeletal polarity were identified from studies of those tissues. More recently, several vertebrate tissues have been shown to exhibit planar cell polarity. Striking similarities and differences have been observed when different tissues exhibiting planar cell polarity are compared. Here we describe a new tissue exhibiting planar cell polarity – the denticles, hair-like projections of the Drosophila embryonic epidermis. We describe in real time the changes in the actin cytoskeleton that underlie denticle development, and compare this with the localization of microtubules, revealing new aspects of cytoskeletal dynamics that may have more general applicability. We present an initial characterization of the localization of several actin regulators during denticle development. We find that several core planar cell polarity proteins are asymmetrically localized during the process. Finally, we define roles for the canonical Wingless and Hedgehog pathways and for core planar cell polarity proteins in denticle polarity.

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Section: The Localization Of Cytoskeletal Regulatorsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Journal Of Cell Science 119 (3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytoskeletal dynamics and cell signaling during planar polarity establishment in theDrosophilaembryonic denticle

Price

Roberts

McCartney

et al. 2006

Journal of Cell Science

112

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“…Scar has been shown to be required for axon development, egg chamber structure, adult eye morphology (Zallen et al, 2002) and myoblast fusion (Berger et al, 2008); Wasp has been demonstrated to be required for Notchmediated cell-fate decisions (Ben-Yaacov et al, 2001), rhabdomere microvilli formation (Zelhof and Hardy, 2004), bristle development (Bogdan et al, 2004;Bogdan et al, 2005;Tal et al, 2002) and myoblast fusion (Berger et al, 2008;Schafer et al, 2007); and Wash is required for pupal development (Linardopoulou et al, 2007) and oogenesis, as described in this study. Mutants in various subunits of Arp2/3 have also been described, offering additional insight into how Wash, Wasp and Scar shape the cytoskeleton during development Stevenson et al, 2002). Interestingly, the spectrum of Arp2/3 mutant phenotypes reported does not completely overlap with all of the phenotypes associated with these WAS family mutants.…”

Section: Wash Function In Drosophila Oogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Wash functions downstream of Rho and links linear and branched actin nucleation factors

et al. 2009

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Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome (WAS) family proteins are Arp2/3 activators that mediate the branched-actin network formation required for cytoskeletal remodeling, intracellular transport and cell locomotion. Wasp and Scar/WAVE,the two founding members of the family, are regulated by the GTPases Cdc42 and Rac, respectively. By contrast, linear actin nucleators, such as Spire and formins, are regulated by the GTPase Rho. We recently identified a third WAS family member, called Wash, with Arp2/3-mediated actin nucleation activity. We show that Drosophila Wash interacts genetically with Arp2/3, and also functions downstream of Rho1 with Spire and the formin Cappuccino to control actin and microtubule dynamics during Drosophila oogenesis. Wash bundles and crosslinks F-actin and microtubules, is regulated by Rho1, Spire and Arp2/3, and is essential for actin cytoskeleton organization in the egg chamber. Our results establish Wash and Rho as regulators of both linear- and branched-actin networks, and suggest an Arp2/3-mediated mechanism for how cells might coordinately regulate these structures.

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“…In complex multicellular organisms, the biological function of the Arp2/3 complex has been studied only in fruitfly (Drosophila melanogaster). A mutation of one Arp2/3 complex subunit, ARPC1, causes spindle fusion because of pseudocleavage furrow disruption in syncytical fruitfly embryos Stevenson et al, 2002). Arabidopsis, with numerous advantages for genetic studies including the availability of various collections of T-DNA insertion mutants, provides a good model system to study the function of the Arp2/3 complex in higher eukaryotes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Putative Arabidopsis Arp2/3 Complex Controls Leaf Cell Morphogenesis

et al. 2003

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The evolutionarily conserved Arp2/3 complex has been shown to activate actin nucleation and branching in several eukaryotes, but its biological functions are not well understood in multicellular organisms. The model plant Arabidopsis provides many advantages for genetic dissection of the function of this conserved actin-nucleating machinery, yet the existence of this complex in plants has not been determined. We have identified Arabidopsis genes encoding homologs of all of the seven Arp2/3 subunits. The function of the putative Arabidopsis Arp2/3 complex has been studied using four homozygous T-DNA insertion mutants for ARP2, ARP3, and ARPC5/p16. All four mutants display identical defects in the development of jigsaw-shaped epidermal pavement cells and branched trichomes in the leaf. These loss-of-function mutations cause mislocalization of diffuse cortical F-actin to the neck region and inhibit lobe extension in pavement cells. The mutant trichomes resemble those treated with the actin-depolymerizing drug cytochalasin D, exhibiting stunted branches but dramatically enlarged stalks due to depolarized growth suggesting defects in the formation of a fine actin network. Our data demonstrate that the putative Arabidopsis Arp2/3 complex controls cell morphogenesis through its roles in cell polarity establishment and polar cell expansion. Furthermore, our data suggest a novel function for the putative Arp2/3 complex in the modulation of the spatial distribution of cortical F-actin and provide evidence that the putative Arp2/3 complex may activate the polymerization of some types of actin filaments in specific cell types.

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Arp2/3-Dependent Psuedocleavage Furrow Assembly in Syncytial Drosophila Embryos

Cited by 83 publications

References 32 publications

Cytoskeletal dynamics and cell signaling during planar polarity establishment in theDrosophilaembryonic denticle

Cytoskeletal dynamics and cell signaling during planar polarity establishment in theDrosophilaembryonic denticle

Wash functions downstream of Rho and links linear and branched actin nucleation factors

The Putative Arabidopsis Arp2/3 Complex Controls Leaf Cell Morphogenesis

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