Arnica Montana L. Supercritical Extraction Optimization for Antibiotic and Anticancer Activity

Žitek, Taja; Postružnik, Vesna; Knez, Željko; Golle, Andrej; Dariš, Barbara; Marevci, Maša Knez

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2022.897185

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In some cases, medicinal plants can even reverse antibiotic resistance. In addition to bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects, medicinal plants have been reported to present other mechanisms, such as antiadhesive activity [ 224 , 225 , 226 ], the inhibition of bacterial growth [ 227 , 228 ], anti-biofilm-formation activity [ 229 , 230 ], the inhibition of motility [ 231 , 232 ], the protection of host urinary cells [ 233 ], and the enhancement of antibacterial immunity. In Table 3 , we summarize recently studied plants that achieved positive results against UPEC.…”

Section: Treatment Of Urinary Tract Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Uropathogenic Escherichia coli: Mechanisms of Infection and Treatment Options

Zhou

Zheng

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common bacterial infections that represent a severe public health problem. They are often caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumonia), Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis), Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (S. saprophyticus). Among these, uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) are the most common causative agent in both uncomplicated and complicated UTIs. The adaptive evolution of UPEC has been observed in several ways, including changes in colonization, attachment, invasion, and intracellular replication to invade the urothelium and survive intracellularly. While antibiotic therapy has historically been very successful in controlling UTIs, high recurrence rates and increasing antimicrobial resistance among uropathogens threaten to greatly reduce the efficacy of these treatments. Furthermore, the gradual global emergence of multidrug-resistant UPEC has highlighted the need to further explore its pathogenesis and seek alternative therapeutic and preventative strategies. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the clinical status and pathogenesis of UTIs and the advantages and disadvantages of antibiotics as a conventional treatment option could spark a surge in the search for alternative treatment options, especially vaccines and medicinal plants. Such options targeting multiple pathogenic mechanisms of UPEC are expected to be a focus of UTI management in the future to help combat antibiotic resistance.

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Section: Treatment Of Urinary Tract Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Uropathogenic Escherichia coli: Mechanisms of Infection and Treatment Options

Zhou

Zheng

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…Not only the plant part but also the plant age has an influence on the chemical composition of secondary metabolites and anticancer activity. Žitek et al [ 24 ] reported apoptotic activity of A. montana flower head extracts against melanoma WM-266–4 cells. In turn, Flórez-Fernández et al [ 68 ] showed cytotoxic properties against colorectal cancer HCT-116 and pancreatic adenocarcinoma PSN1 cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The above-ground and underground parts of this special medicinal plant are characterized by the presence of valuable secondary metabolites, including sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic acids, and essential oils [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Its inflorescences, achenes, leaves, rhizomes, and roots are a rich source of raw material, with antibacterial, antifungal, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, antiradical, antisclerotic, antioxidant, and antitumor properties [ 5 , 16 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Fertilization and Solvents as Factors Modifying the Antioxidant and Anticancer Potential of Arnica montana L. Flower Head Extracts

Sugier

Jakubowicz-Gil

et al. 2022

Plants

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Arnica montana L. is one of Europe’s endemic endangered medicinal plants, with diverse biological activities commonly used in medicine, pharmacy, and cosmetics. Its flower heads are a rich source of raw material, with antibacterial, antifungal, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, antiradical, antioxidant, and antitumor properties. The objective of the present study was (i) to characterize the chemical composition of flower heads of A. montana plants cultivated under nitrogen fertilization, (ii) to identify the impact of the nitrogen fertilization and extraction method (water, ethanol) on the antioxidant activity of extracts, and (iii) to determine the role of different nitrogen doses applied during plant cultivation and different extraction methods in the anticancer activity of the extracts through analysis of apoptosis and autophagy induction in HT29, HeLa, and SW620 cell lines. The present study shows that nitrogen is a crucial determinant of the chemical composition of arnica flower heads and the antioxidant and anticancer activity of the analyzed extracts. Nitrogen fertilization can modify the composition of pharmacologically active substances (sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, essential oil) in Arnicae flos. The content of sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, and essential oil increased with the increase in the nitrogen doses to 60 kg N ha−1 by 0.66%, 1.45%, and 0.27%, respectively. A further increase in the nitrogen dose resulted in a decrease in the content of the analyzed secondary metabolites. Varied levels of nitrogen application can be regarded as a relevant way to modify the chemical composition of arnica flower heads and to increase the anticancer activity, which was confirmed by the increase in the level of apoptosis with the increase in fertilization to a level of 60 kg N ha−1. The fertilization of arnica plants with low doses of nitrogen (30 and 60 kg N ha−1) significantly increased the LOX inhibition ability of the ethanol extracts. The present study is the first report on the anticancer activity of A. montana water extracts, with emphasis on the role of water as a solvent. In further studies of factors modifying the quality of Arnicae flos, attention should be paid to the simultaneous use of nitrogen and other microelements to achieve synergistic results and to the possibility of a more frequent use of water as a solvent in studies on the biological activity of A. montana extracts.

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“…As a source of extremely interesting secondary metabolites (SMs) characterized by antioxidant and anticancer activity, medicinal plants are of great interest to researchers around the world [1][2][3][4]. In recent years, new sources of SM in medicinal plants have been identified and investigated [5,6], and the introduction of these plants to cultivation has Appl.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this way, the quantity and quality of the RM can be modified based on the knowledge of the biology and ecology of the species and with the use of agricultural tools. In the case of Arnica spp., different plant parts can be used, i.e., flower heads, rhizomes, or all underground parts of plants characterized by varied contents and different chemical compositions of such SMs as total phenolics, flavonoids (Fs), phenolic acids, sesquiterpene lactones (SLs), and essential oils (EOs) [23,24] with their broad biological activity [4,11,[25][26][27][28]. Analyses of individual parts of the plant revealed the highest antiradical activity of A. montana flower head tincture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stages of Development and Solvents Determine the Anticancer Potential of Mountain Arnica (Arnica montana L.) Inflorescence Extracts

Sugier,

Jakubowicz-Gil,

Sugier

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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In recent years, new sources of secondary metabolites (SMs) in medicinal plants have been identified, and the introduction of these plants into field conditions has been carried out to obtain chemically diverse standardized raw material (RM). An example is mountain arnica Arnica montana L., one of Europe’s endemic endangered medicinal plant species, commonly used in pharmacy, cosmetics, and medicine. Its inflorescences (Arnicae flos) are characterized by anti-inflammatory, antiradical, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and antitumor properties. The main goals of the present research included: (i) characterization of the chemical composition of the inflorescences of A. montana harvested in different development stages; and (ii) presentation of the role of the development stage and different extraction methods in the antitumor activity of extracts through analyses of apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis induction in human cervical carcinoma HeLa, human colon carcinoma HT29, and human colon metastatic carcinoma SW620 cell lines. The development stage was found to modify the composition of pharmacologically active substances, e.g., sesquiterpene lactones (SLs), flavonoids (Fs), and essential oil (EO), in arnica inflorescences. The content of Fs and EO increased during flowering to the full flowering phase; however, the highest content of SLs was noted in the full flowering phase and at the end of flowering. More promising results, i.e., a relatively high level of apoptosis and a low level of necrosis induced by the arnica extracts, were demonstrated in the HeLa cell line (full flowering; concentration: 0.5 µL/mL), the HT29 cell line (beginning of flowering; concentration: 0.5 µL/mL), and the SW620 cell line (stage of yellow buds; concentration: 1 µL/mL). This extremely valuable medicinal plant species provides a very broad range of RMs (e.g., inflorescences, rhizomes, roots, achenes, and all plant); therefore, attention should be paid to the more frequent use of water as a solvent in studies on the biological activity of mountain arnica extracts.

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Arnica Montana L. Supercritical Extraction Optimization for Antibiotic and Anticancer Activity

Cited by 9 publications

References 42 publications

Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Uropathogenic Escherichia coli: Mechanisms of Infection and Treatment Options

Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Uropathogenic Escherichia coli: Mechanisms of Infection and Treatment Options

Nitrogen Fertilization and Solvents as Factors Modifying the Antioxidant and Anticancer Potential of Arnica montana L. Flower Head Extracts

Stages of Development and Solvents Determine the Anticancer Potential of Mountain Arnica (Arnica montana L.) Inflorescence Extracts

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