Arm span as a predictor of the six-minute walk test in healthy children

Kahraman, Buse Özcan; Yüksel, Ertuğrul; Nalbant, Abdurrahman; Koçak, Umut Ziya; Ünver, Bayram

doi:10.1016/j.bjpt.2020.07.003

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Growth is associated with increasing height, leg length, stride, weight, muscle mass/strength and neuromuscular coordination which all combine to increasing pace and walk distance as a child in age. (18,33) Thus, in agreement with published pediatric studies, (19,23,32,45) age was the most influential predictor of 6MWD in our cohort. (15) Generally, 6MWD increases with age till about 10-12years, after which a plateau or reduction is observed-attributed to puberty-induced changes in body composition, energy utilization and estrogenic effect.…”

Section: Independent Predictorssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The attainment of longer distance by boys compared to girls in our study, albeit of small effect size, agrees with some paediatric studies, (23,38,45,48) attributable to higher muscle mass, strength, energy levels and activity in boys. (49,50) In contrast, no significant sex difference was observed in among Tunisian, (26) Thai,(51) Brazilian,(35) Turkish, (19) British and US children.…”

Section: Independent Predictorsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Overall, 6MWD moderately positively correlated with age (r=0.37), height (r=0.32), PEF (r=0.31) and postSBP (0.30); moderately negatively correlated with PredHR max (r=-0.37); and weakly positively correlated with %∆HR (r=0.29), FEV1 (r=0.29), ∆HR (r=0.28), LLL (r=0.28), ∆SBP (r=0.27), weight (r=0. 19), %PredHR max (r=0.12) and preRPE (r=0.10) (Table 3).…”

Section: Bivariable Linear Correlationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1,7,16,18) Although, the 6MWD of children is mostly influenced by age and height, the effect of other factors like sex, weight or body mass index (BMI) vary widely among studies. (14)(15)(16)(18)(19)(20) The American Thoracic Society (ATS) and European Respiratory Society (ERS) thus recommend development of reference standards from local populations. (7) In Nigeria, although reference standards are available for adolescents (21) and adults (8,22), none is available in pre-adolescents school-age children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of reference equations for the six-minute walk distance of school-aged Nigerian children

Ubuane

Ajiboye

Adekunle

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BACKGROUND: The six-minute walk test (6MWT), a simple, reliable and valid test that uses the distance walked in six minutes (six-minute walk distance, 6MWD) to quantify functional exercise capacity, is widely used in chronic cardiopulmonary and non-cardiopulmonary disorders. However, th absence of reference standards for Nigerian school-aged children limits its utility in this age group OBJECTIVES: To develop normative values and equations for the 6MWT of school-aged Nigerian children METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, healthy Nigerian children aged 6-11 years in Lagos completed 6MWT on 20-meter straight outdoor courses in their schools following standardized guidelines. Potential predictors: demographic (age, sex), anthropometric (height, weight, chest circumference, leg length) and physiological data [pre-walk, immediate post-walk and 5th-minute post-walk heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (SpO2), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE)] and the difference between pre-walk and post-walk HR (HR change), SpO2 (SpO2 change), SBP (SBP change), DBP (DBP change) and RPE (RPE change). Primary outcomes:six-minute walk distance (6MWD) in meters. RESULTS: Overall, 627 pupils (52.1% girls) walked 504.6 (66.6) m (95% CI: 499.4, 509.8), ranging from 326.6 to 673.0 m; boys walking 16 m longer (p=0.002). Stepwise linear regression yielded 6MWD=347.9+14(Age in years)+1.6(HR change)+17.6(sex; male=1, female=0)+1.2(SBP change);R square=0.25.Previously published reference equations mostly over-estimated Nigerian children's 6MWD. CONCLUSION: The reference values and equations, after validation in other Nigerian geographic populations, may be useful for the functional evaluation of Nigerian children aged 6-11 years with chronic childhood disorders.

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Section: Independent Predictorssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Independent Predictorsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Bivariable Linear Correlationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Development of reference equations for the six-minute walk distance of school-aged Nigerian children

Ubuane

Ajiboye

Adekunle

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The attainment of longer distance by boys compared to girls in our study, albeit of small effect size, agrees with some studies, 14,29,36,37 attributable to higher muscle mass, strength, energy levels, and activity in boys. 38 However, no significant sex difference was observed among Tunisian, 19 Brazilian, 16 Turkish, 39 British, and North-American children. F I G U R E 2 (See caption on next page)…”

Section: Independent Predictors Of 6mwdmentioning

confidence: 97%

Reference values and equations for the 6‐minute walk distance of Nigerian children aged 6–11 years: A cross‐sectional study

Ubuane

Ajiboye²,

Adekunle

et al. 2022

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Background: The 6-minute walk test (6MWT), a simple, reliable, and valid test that uses the distance walked in 6 minute walk distance (6MWD) to quantify functional capacity, is widely used in the management of chronic disorders. However, the absence of reference standards from sub-Saharan African, including Nigerian, school-aged children limits its utility in this age group. Objectives: To develop normative values and equations for the 6MWD of school-aged Nigerian children. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, healthy children aged 6-11 years in Lagos, Nigeria, completed the 6MWT on 20-m-long straight outdoor courses in their schools. The primary outcome was the 6MWD in meters while potential predictors included demographic (age, sex), anthropometric (height, weight, chest circumference, leg length) and physiologic variables (pre-walk, immediate post-walk, and fifth min-post-walk heart rate [HR], oxygen saturation [SpO 2 ], systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP], and rating of perceived exertion [RPE]; and the difference between pre-walk and post-walk HR [ΔHR], SpO 2 [ΔSpO 2 ], SBP [ΔSBP], DBP [ΔDBP], and RPE [ΔRPE]).

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Arm span as a predictor of the six-minute walk test in healthy children

Cited by 2 publications

References 31 publications

Development of reference equations for the six-minute walk distance of school-aged Nigerian children

Development of reference equations for the six-minute walk distance of school-aged Nigerian children

Reference values and equations for the 6‐minute walk distance of Nigerian children aged 6–11 years: A cross‐sectional study

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