Arginine‐rich coconut kernel diet influences nitric oxide synthase activity in alloxandiabetic rats

Salil, Gopalakrishnan; Nevin, K.G.; Rajamohan, Thankappan

doi:10.1002/jsfa.5558

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Among the basic amino acids, arginine level (17.8 %) was found to be significantly higher (Salil et al 2011). Electrophoretic separation of CKP showed the presence of 3 bands (Salil et al 2012).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Dietary coconut kernel protein beneficially modulates NFκB and RAGE expression in streptozotocin induced diabetes in rats

et al. 2012

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Previous studies showed that arginine rich coconut kernel protein (CKP) maintains glucose homeostasis in experimental diabetic rats. But the mechanism of this effect was not clear. This study investigated the effect of CKP on the expression of liver receptor for advance glycated end products (RAGE), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and NFkB. Diabetes was induced by injecting a single dose of streptozotocin (75 mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneally. After inducing diabetes, CKP was administered to rats orally for 45 days. After the experimental period, serum glucose, insulin, liver glycogen, glucose metabolizing enzyme activities and the expression of liver RAGE, iNOS and NFkB was evaluated. The results showed that CKP beneficially modulated the levels of glucose and insulin as well as the metabolizing enzyme activities. Expression of RAGE and NFkB was found to be over expressed in diabetic rats but was found to be down regulated in CKP fed diabetic rats. iNOS expression was down regulated in diabetic rats, which was expressed normally in CKP fed diabetic rats.These results clearly demonstrated that anti diabetic activity of CKP is mediated through NFkB pathway.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Dietary coconut kernel protein beneficially modulates NFκB and RAGE expression in streptozotocin induced diabetes in rats

et al. 2012

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“…Interestingly, several reports [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] have described that L-arginine supplementation (mainly as arginine-HCL) or including in natural products [17,18] is beneficial for improving metabolic control in animal models of diabetes. Thus, it has been described that L-arginine supplementation normalizes plasma glucose level and vascular function in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats [12], or improve metabolic control (i.e., reducing glucose and lipids levels) [10], or prevent b cell damage [37] or produce b cell regeneration in alloxan-induced diabetes [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…L ‐Arginine supplementation either by itself [] or using fresh food with high content of L ‐arginine [] improves metabolic control of the supplemented diabetic animals. Moreover, similar beneficial effects have been described in patients with type 2 diabetes .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, L-arginine metabolism in diabetes is not totally understood, but it has been described that this disease is associated with reduced L-arginine plasma levels in about 50% compared to control [8,9]. L-Arginine supplementation either by itself [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] or using fresh food with high content of L-arginine [17,18] improves metabolic control of the supplemented diabetic animals. Moreover, similar beneficial effects have been described in patients with type 2 diabetes [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supplementation with apple enriched with L‐arginine may improve metabolic control and survival rate in alloxan‐induced diabetic rats

et al. 2013

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Supplementation with L-arginine or fresh food with high content of this amino acid is associated with favorable effects in the metabolic control of diabetes. We aimed to determine whether supplementation with apples enriched with L-arginine offer additional benefits compared to L-arginine by itself in a preclinical study of diabetes. This study combines food-engineer technologies with in vivo and in vitro analysis. In vitro experiments show that cells derived from non-diabetic animals and exposed to high glucose (25 mM, 12 H) and cells isolated from alloxan-induced diabetic animals exhibited a reduction (∼50%) in the L-arginine uptake. This effect was reverted by L-arginine pretreatment (12 H) in both the normal and diabetes-derived cells. In preclinical studies, normoglycemic (n = 25) and diabetic groups (n = 50) were divided into subgroups that received either L-arginine (375 mg/kg per 10 days) or apple enriched with L-arginine or vehicle (control). In a preliminary analysis, supplementation with L-arginine by itself (50%) or apple enriched with L-arginine (100%) improve survival rate in the diabetic group compared to control (0%) at the end of the follow up (17 days). This phenomenon was associated with a partial but sustained high plasma level of L-arginine, as well as plasma concentration of nitrites and insulin in the L-arginine or apple + L-arginine groups after supplementation. Apple + L-arginine supplementation in diabetic animals induced the highest and longest effects in the level of these three markers among the studied groups. Therefore, apple enriched by L-arginine offers more benefits than L-arginine by itself in this preclinical study.

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“…The major advantages of dietary l ‐Arg supplementation over drugs are that l ‐Arg is cheap and readily available from natural foods . Oral administration of appropriate doses of l ‐Arg to humans is well tolerated and results in no side effects .…”

Section: Arginine Synthesis and Catabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arginine and nitric oxide synthase: Regulatory mechanisms and cardiovascular aspects

Lorin

Zeller

Guilland

et al. 2013

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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L-Arginine (L-Arg) is a conditionally essential amino acid in the human diet. The most common dietary sources of L-Arg are meat, poultry and fish. L-Arg is the precursor for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO); a key signaling molecule via NO synthase (NOS). Endogenous NOS inhibitors such as asymmetric-dimethyl-L-Arg inhibit NO synthesis in vivo by competing with L-Arg at the active site of NOS. In addition, NOS possesses the ability to be "uncoupled" to produce superoxide anion instead of NO. Reduced NO bioavailability may play an essential role in cardiovascular pathologies and metabolic diseases. L-Arg deficiency syndromes in humans involve endothelial inflammation and immune dysfunctions. Exogenous administration of L-Arg restores NO bioavailability, but it has not been possible to demonstrate, that L-Arg supplementation improved endothelial function in cardiovascular disease such as heart failure or hypertension. L-Arg supplementation may be a novel therapy for obesity and metabolic syndrome. The utility of l-Arg supplementation in the treatment of L-Arg deficiency syndromes remains to be established. Clinical trials need to continue to determine the optimal concentrations and combinations of L-Arg, with other protective compounds such as tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4 ), and antioxidants to combat oxidative stress that drives down NO production in humans.

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Arginine‐rich coconut kernel diet influences nitric oxide synthase activity in alloxandiabetic rats

Abstract: The results observed in this study indicate that the potential antidiabetic activity of CKP may be through an arginine-NO pathway leading to pancreatic beta cell regeneration.

Cited by 21 publications

References 41 publications

Dietary coconut kernel protein beneficially modulates NFκB and RAGE expression in streptozotocin induced diabetes in rats

Dietary coconut kernel protein beneficially modulates NFκB and RAGE expression in streptozotocin induced diabetes in rats

Supplementation with apple enriched with L‐arginine may improve metabolic control and survival rate in alloxan‐induced diabetic rats

Arginine and nitric oxide synthase: Regulatory mechanisms and cardiovascular aspects

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