Arginine acts as an inhibitor of the biosynthesis of several mycotoxins

Touhami, Najim; Buhl, Katharina; Schmidt‐Heydt, Markus; Geisen, Rolf

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.06.036

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Since one important application of β-galactosidase is in the production of lactose-based prebiotics with potential application in the pharmaceutical and food industries, it is crucial to have some information on the presence of mycotoxins in the fermentation broth. It is known that mycotoxins are metabolites produced during the secondary metabolism of fungi and several external parameters may regulate their synthesis (Touhami et al, 2016). A. lacticoffeatus has been previously reported as an effective OTA producer (Ostry et al, 2013;Samson et al, 2004) and the amount of mycotoxin produced can be dependent on the temperature and incubation time used (Alborch et al, 2011).…”

Section: β-Galactosidase Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

β-galactosidase from Aspergillus lacticoffeatus : A promising biocatalyst for the synthesis of novel prebiotics

Cardoso

Silvério

Abrunhosa

et al. 2017

International Journal of Food Microbiology

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β-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) are interesting enzymes able to catalyze lactose hydrolysis and transfer reactions to produce lactose-based prebiotics with potential application in the pharmaceutical and food industry. In this work, Aspergillus lacticoffeatus is described, for the first time, as an effective β-galactosidase producer. The extracellular enzyme production was evaluated in synthetic and alternative media containing cheese whey and corn steep liquor. Although β-galactosidase production occurred in all media (expect for the one composed solely by cheese whey), the highest enzymatic activity values (460U/mL) were obtained for the synthetic medium. Ochratoxin A production in synthetic medium was also evaluated and 9days of fermentation was identified as a suitable fermentation time to obtain a crude extract enzyme with mycotoxin concentration below the legal comparable value established for wine and grape juices (2ng/mL). The optimal pH and temperature for the crude extract enzyme was found in the range of 3.5-4.5 and 50-60°C, respectively. The β-galactosidase activity was reduced in the presence of Ba, Fe, Li, K and galactose, while additives (except for ascorbic acid) and detergents exhibited a positive effect on enzymatic activity. This enzyme was able to catalyze the synthesis of prebiotics, namely lactulose (2.5g/L) and a galacto-oligosaccharide (trisaccharide, 6.3g/L), either when whole cells or crude enzyme was used as biocatalyst. The lactulose production using fungal whole cells is herein reported for the first time. Additionally, A. lacticoffeatus was also found to produce an enzyme with fructosyltransferase activity and other prebiotics, namely fructo-oligosaccharide 1-kestose (2.4g/L).

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Section: β-Galactosidase Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

β-galactosidase from Aspergillus lacticoffeatus : A promising biocatalyst for the synthesis of novel prebiotics

Cardoso

Silvério

Abrunhosa

et al. 2017

International Journal of Food Microbiology

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“…This was consistent with the results obtained by Zeng et al (2020), who reported that the amino acid content of young shoots was higher in the early stages of tea harvesting than in the late stages of harvesting. Arginine possessed a strong inhibitory effect on the synthesis of mycotoxins such as ochratoxin (Touhami et al, 2016); hence, tea leaves with higher arginine concentrations were effective in preventing the infestation of mycotoxins, which was probably a reason why arginine could be regarded as a characteristic of high‐ranking teas. As part of the ammonia assimilation process, glutamine played an essential role in the quality and taste of tea (Wang et al, 2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomic analysis reveals the quality characteristics of Yi Gong tea leaves at different harvesting periods

Zhang

2022

Journal of Food Biochemistry

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To obtain a theoretical reference for understanding the changes in metabolites of Yigong tea leaves during different harvesting periods and to determine the optimal harvesting period, we performed a metabolome comparison using UPLC‐Q‐Exactive MS on Yigong tea leaves from different harvesting periods. The results indicated that a total of 41 metabolites were significantly altered during the growth of Yi Gong tea leaves. These involved 7 amino acids and their derivatives, 16 flavonols and flavonol glycosides, 4 organic acids, 3 catechins, 3 carbohydrates, 7 fatty acid esters, 1 terpene, and 3 substances from others. In particular, the levels of arginine and glutamine were higher in early‐harvested tea leaves than in late‐harvested tea leaves; the levels of flavonoids and flavonols were higher in late‐harvested tea leaves. Metabolic pathway analysis revealed that the caffeine metabolism and the flavonoid biosynthesis perform key roles in Yigong tea leaves from different harvesting periods. Practical Applications At present, the application of metabolomics in tea research is focused on the study of pesticide residues, processing processes, environmental stresses, and regional differences. This study is to focus on the effect of the tea harvesting period on tea quality through metabolomics. Through metabolomics, we can better determine the optimal tea harvesting period, and this study can improve the quality of this tea product and may be able to bring some favourable favorable contributions contribution to the local tea marketing in the future.

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“…Among the successfully described AOH control methods, extrusion showed an AOH level reduction by up to 87%, if processing conditions are optimized (Janić Hajnal et al 2016 ). Arginine has also been proven to reduce AOH biosynthesis when applied to fruits at the post-harvest level (Touhami et al 2016 ). As AOH has three OH groups in its structure, it can be easily oxidized using cold plasma.…”

Section: Alternariol (Aoh) Spread Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

The characteristics, occurrence, and toxicological effects of alternariol: a mycotoxin

Saleh,

Zeidan,

Abu-Dieyeh

2024

Arch Toxicol

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Alternaria species are mycotoxin-producing fungi known to infect fresh produce and to cause their spoilage. Humans get exposed to fungal secondary metabolites known as mycotoxin via the ingestion of contaminated food. Alternariol (AOH) (C14H10O5) is an isocoumarins produced by different species of Alternaria including Alternaria alternata. AOH is often found in grain, fruits and fruits-based food products with high levels in legumes, nuts, and tomatoes. AOH was first discovered in 1953, and it is nowadays linked to esophagus cancer and endocrine disruption due to its similarity to estrogen. Although considered as an emerging mycotoxin with no regulated levels in food, AOH occurs in highly consumed dietary products and has been detected in various masked forms, which adds to its occurrence. Therefore, this comprehensive review was developed to give an overview on recent literature in the field of AOH. The current study summarizes published data on occurrence levels of AOH in different food products in the last ten years and evaluates those levels in comparison to recommended levels by the regulating entities. Such surveillance facilitates the work of health risk assessors and highlights commodities that are most in need of AOH levels regulation. In addition, the effects of AOH on cells and animal models were summarized in two tables; data include the last two-year literature studies. The review addresses also the main characteristics of AOH and the possible human exposure routes, the populations at risk, and the effect of anthropogenic activities on the widespread of the mycotoxin. The commonly used detection and control methods described in the latest literature are also discussed to guide future researchers to focus on mitigating mycotoxins contamination in the food industry. This review aims mainly to serve as a guideline on AOH for mycotoxin regulation developers and health risk assessors.

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Arginine acts as an inhibitor of the biosynthesis of several mycotoxins

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

β-galactosidase from Aspergillus lacticoffeatus : A promising biocatalyst for the synthesis of novel prebiotics

β-galactosidase from Aspergillus lacticoffeatus : A promising biocatalyst for the synthesis of novel prebiotics

Metabolomic analysis reveals the quality characteristics of Yi Gong tea leaves at different harvesting periods

The characteristics, occurrence, and toxicological effects of alternariol: a mycotoxin

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