Arene and Heteroarene Complexes of Chromium, Molybdenum and Tungsten

Morris, Michael J.

doi:10.1016/b978-008046519-7.00045-9

Cited by 16 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 962 publications

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“…Chromium tricarbonyl complexation to arene rings can impart dramatic electronic perturbations to both the coordinated aryl ring and the appended substituents. , To evaluate the effect these electronic properties have on metal coordination by the phosphinyl−Cr[arene] complexes, the X-ray crystal structure of the Pd(0) complex 10 , derived from phosphine 9a , was determined. Thus, [(η 3 -C 3 H 5 )PdBr] 2 was reacted with phosphine 9a in CH 2 Cl 2 , with the resulting yellow crystalline product 10 affording the X-ray crystal structure depicted in Figure .…”

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confidence: 99%

Asymmetric Synthesis of Monodentate Phosphine Ligands Based on Chiral η⁶-Cr[arene] Templates

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Hilfiker

1999

Org. Lett.

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Optically active Cr-complexed arylphosphines are presented as a new class of chiral monodentate phosphine ligand for use in asymmetric catalysis. Asymmetric synthesis of the chiral phosphine ligands 9 is achieved in three steps from the achiral Cr[arene] precursor 3. A variety of ligand structures are accessed from a common synthesis intermediate. The utility of these phosphine ligands in asymmetric catalysis is highlighted in Pd(II)-catalyzed allylic alkylation reactions.

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confidence: 99%

Asymmetric Synthesis of Monodentate Phosphine Ligands Based on Chiral η⁶-Cr[arene] Templates

and

Hilfiker

1999

Org. Lett.

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“…Resistance to the main insect pests is partial in apple and thought to be regulated by quantitative, additive genes and a few single, major genes. Only the rosy leaf curling apple aphid gene sd-1 is well characterized [37,38] and mapped [39]. However, neither sd-1 nor any other resistance gene has been cloned.…”

Section: Insect Resistancementioning

confidence: 98%

Recombinant DNA Technology in Apple

Gessler

Patocchi

Green Gene Technology

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This review summarizes the achievements of almost 20 years of recombinant DNA technology applied to apple, grouping the research results into the sections: developing the technology, insect resistance, fungal disease resistance, self-incompatibility, herbicide resistance, fire blight resistance, fruit ripening, allergens, rooting ability, and acceptance and risk assessment. The diseases fire blight, caused by Erwinia amylovora, and scab, caused by Venturia inaequalis, were and still are the prime targets. Shelf life improvement and rooting ability of rootstocks are also relevant research areas. The tools to create genetically modified apples of added value to producers, consumers, and the environment are now available.

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Benzylic Activation and Stereochemical Control in Reactions of Tricarbonyl(arene)chromium Complexes

Uemura

2006

Organic Reactions

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This chapter covers reactions of ( 6 -arene) chromium complexes that occur in the side chain of arene, and reactions that exhibit stereocontrol as a result of complexation. Reactions that focus on nucleophilic additions to the chromium-coordinated aromatic ring and on directed lithiation of the arene ring are not covered.The tricarbonyl( 6 -arene) complexes are readily prepared by several convenient methods, and these complexes are relatively stable to air and moisture. Most arenes will coordinate to the tricarbonyl fragment. Certain functional groups are incompatible and electron withdrawing groups, such as CHO and CO 2 H, retard complexation. Protection of these functional groups as acetals or esters followed by chromium complexation and hydrolysis procedures give the corresponding tricarbonylchromium complexes of benzaldehyde or benzoic acid in good yields. Electron-donating substituents accelerate the rate of complexation. The chemical consequences of chromium complexation include (1) the activation of the aromatic ring to nucleophilic addition; (2) enhancement of acidity in the side chain; (3) enhancement of the rate of solvolysis in the side chain; (4) enhancement of acidity of aromatic hydrogens: (5) control of reactions by steric effects of the tricarbonylchromium fragment. After the reaction, the tricarbonylchromium fragment can be easily removed by mild oxidation. When the arene ring is disubstituted with different substituents at the ortho and meta positon, the complexes are planar chiral and the substrates are useful for asymmetric synthesis.

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Arene and Heteroarene Complexes of Chromium, Molybdenum and Tungsten

Cited by 16 publications

References 962 publications

Asymmetric Synthesis of Monodentate Phosphine Ligands Based on Chiral η⁶-Cr[arene] Templates

Asymmetric Synthesis of Monodentate Phosphine Ligands Based on Chiral η⁶-Cr[arene] Templates

Recombinant DNA Technology in Apple

Benzylic Activation and Stereochemical Control in Reactions of Tricarbonyl(arene)chromium Complexes

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Arene and Heteroarene Complexes of Chromium, Molybdenum and Tungsten

Cited by 16 publications

References 962 publications

Asymmetric Synthesis of Monodentate Phosphine Ligands Based on Chiral η6-Cr[arene] Templates

Asymmetric Synthesis of Monodentate Phosphine Ligands Based on Chiral η6-Cr[arene] Templates

Recombinant DNA Technology in Apple

Benzylic Activation and Stereochemical Control in Reactions of Tricarbonyl(arene)chromium Complexes

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Asymmetric Synthesis of Monodentate Phosphine Ligands Based on Chiral η⁶-Cr[arene] Templates

Asymmetric Synthesis of Monodentate Phosphine Ligands Based on Chiral η⁶-Cr[arene] Templates