Area under the curve: A metric for patient subjective responses in episodic diseases

Lydick, Eva; Epstein, Robert S.; Himmelberger, David U.; White, C. J.

doi:10.1007/bf00434382

Cited by 61 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Acute HZ pain can markedly reduce health-related quality of life. For example, a prospective study of health-related quality of life in the United States using the Short Form-36 in 52 patients with HZ during the acute phase of the illness found scores for role functioning (physical and emotional), vitality, social functioning, and mental health to be well below normative mean scores [33]. These findings were confirmed in a French study using the Short Form-36 in 6379 patients with HZ [13].…”

Section: Acute Hz Painsupporting

confidence: 65%

The Epidemiological, Clinical, and Pathological Rationale for the Herpes Zoster Vaccine

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Worldwide, herpes zoster (HZ) affects millions of patients (particularly older adults) annually and causes significant suffering due to acute and chronic pain, or postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). The objective of this article is to explain the rationale for the HZ vaccine by summarizing data on the epidemiology of HZ in the immunocompetent host, with a focus on recent incidence and risk factor studies; to review information on the burden of HZ; and to discuss the challenges of lessening the morbidity of the disease. The incidence and severity of HZ and PHN are highest in older adults. Given the central nervous system damage caused by HZ, the difficulty of adequately treating HZ to prevent PHN, and the intractability of PHN, the advent of the HZ vaccine appears to be a crucial innovation for preventing HZ and PHN.One of the world's great herpes zoster (HZ) epidemiologists, Dr. Edgar Hope-Simpson, fittingly described the appeal and complexity of studying the epidemiology and impact of HZ when he wrote that "herpes zoster is fascinating because it arrives unpredictably…and is difficult to explain" [1, p. 9]. Since the publication of Hope-Simpson's landmark study of HZ more than 40 years ago, investigators have published many studies of the epidemiology of HZ and many fewer studies on its impact. These studies have given us valuable insights into the nature of this disease and have been useful in developing better interventions to treat and prevent HZ and its complications. The objective of the present article is to explain the rationale for the HZ vaccine by summarizing data on the epidemiology of HZ in the immunocompetent host, with a focus on recent incidence and risk factor studies; reviewing information on the burden of HZ; and discussing the challenges of lessening the negative impact of the disease.

show abstract

Section: Acute Hz Painsupporting

confidence: 65%

The Epidemiological, Clinical, and Pathological Rationale for the Herpes Zoster Vaccine

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…18 We converted the EQ-5D, valued using the UK social tariff, 19 to quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) using the area under the curve method. 20 Descriptive analyses show mean total costs by treatment group and differences between treatment group by category of cost for the original procedure and follow-up. We used non-parametric bootstrapping to estimate differences in mean costs with 95% CIs and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and cost of video-assisted thoracoscopic partial pleurectomy versus talc pleurodesis in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MesoVATS): an open-label, randomised, controlled trial

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryBackground Malignant pleural mesothelioma incidence continues to rise, with few available evidence-based therapeutic options. Results of previous non-randomised studies suggested that video-assisted thoracoscopic partial pleurectomy (VAT-PP) might improve symptom control and survival. We aimed to compare efficacy in terms of overall survival, and cost, of VAT-PP and talc pleurodesis in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma.

show abstract

“…Area-under-the-curve global severity was calculated by fi rst averaging morning and evening WURSS scores, then applying trapezoidal approximations. 47 Biomarkers of immune response and infl ammation (interleukin 8 and neutrophil counts) were measured from nasal wash drawn at baseline (day 1) and again 2 days later (day 3). General health was assessed daily using both the 24-hour recall SF-8 Health Survey 48 and the EuroQol's Feeling Thermometer.…”

Section: Outcomes Data Collection and Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placebo Effects and the Common Cold: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Barrett

Brown

Rakel

et al. 2011

The Annals of Family Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PURPOSE We wanted to determine whether the severity and duration of illness caused by the common cold are infl uenced by randomized assignment to openlabel pills, compared with conventional double-blind allocation to active and placebo pills, compared with no pills at all. METHODSWe undertook a randomized controlled trial among a population with new-onset common cold. Study participants were allocated to 4 parallel groups: (1) those receiving no pills, (2) those blinded to placebo, (3) those blinded to echinacea, and (4) those given open-label echinacea. Primary outcomes were illness duration and area-under-the-curve global severity. Secondary outcomes included neutrophil count and interleukin 8 levels from nasal wash at intake and 2 days later. RESULTSOf 719 randomized study participants, 2 were lost and 4 exited early. Participants were 64% female, 88% white, and aged 12 to 80 years. Mean illness duration for each group was 7.03 days for those in the no-pill group, 6.87 days for those blinded to placebo, 6.34 days for those blinded to echinacea, and 6.76 days for those in the open-label echinacea group. Mean global severity scores for the 4 groups were no pills, 286; blinded to placebo, 264; blinded to echinacea, 236; and open-label echinacea, 258. Between-group differences were not statistically signifi cant. Comparing the no-pill with blinded to placebo groups, differences (95% confi dence interval [CI]) were -0.16 days (95% CI, -0.90 to 0.58 days) for illness duration and -22 severity points (95% CI, -70 to 26 points) for global severity. Comparing the group blinded to echinacea with the open-label echinacea group, differences were 0.42 days (95% CI, -0.28 to 1.12 days) and 22 severity points (95% CI, -19 to 63 points). Median change in interleukin 8 concentration and neutrophil cell count, respectively by group, were 30 pg/mL and 1 cell for the no-pill group, 39 pg/mL and 1 cell for the group binded to placebo, 58 pg/mL and 2 cells for the group blinded to echinacea, and 70 pg/mL and 1 cell for the group with open-label echinacea, also not statistically signifi cant. Among the 120 participants who at intake rated echinacea's effectiveness as greater than 50 on a 100-point scale for which 100 is extremely effective, illness duration was 2.58 days shorter (95% CI, -4.47 to -0.68 days) in those blinded to placebo rather than no pill, and mean global severity score was 26% lower but not signifi cantly different 95% CI,. In this subgroup, neither duration nor severity differed signifi cantly between the group blinded to echinacea and the open-label echinacea group.CONCLUSIONS Participants randomized to the no-pill group tended to have longer and more severe illnesses than those who received pills. For the subgroup who believed in echinacea and received pills, illnesses were substantively shorter and less severe, regardless of whether the pills contained echinacea. These fi ndings support the general idea that beliefs and feelings about treatments may be important and perhaps should be taken into consid...

show abstract

Area under the curve: A metric for patient subjective responses in episodic diseases

Cited by 61 publications

References 9 publications

The Epidemiological, Clinical, and Pathological Rationale for the Herpes Zoster Vaccine

The Epidemiological, Clinical, and Pathological Rationale for the Herpes Zoster Vaccine

Efficacy and cost of video-assisted thoracoscopic partial pleurectomy versus talc pleurodesis in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MesoVATS): an open-label, randomised, controlled trial

Placebo Effects and the Common Cold: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About