“…GWR itself has been refined to accommodate extensions found in standard regression, such outlier-resistant (Fotheringham, Brunsdon, and Charlton 2002;, Harris, Fotheringham, and Juggins 2010), heteroskedastic (Fotheringham, Brunsdon, and Charlton 2002;Páez, Uchida, andMiyamoto 2002a, 2002b), ridge (D. C. Wheeler 2007;Gollini et al et al 2015), LASSO (D. C. Wheeler 2009) and elastic net form (K. Li and Lam 2018;. Further extensions include time in the form of geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) (Huang, Wu, and Barry 2010;Fotheringham, Crespo, and Yao 2015), area to point regression (Murakami and Tsutsumi 2015), multiple scales of analysis (Yang 2014;Fotheringham, Yang, and Kang 2017), spatially variable model specification ) and the use of different distance metrics (Lu et al 2016).…”