Area-level inequalities in Covid-19 outcomes in Brazil in 2020 and 2021: An analysis of 1,894,165 severe Covid-19 cases

Boing, Antônio Fernando; Boing, Alexandra Crispim; Veras, Maria Amélia; Lacerda, Josimari Telino de; Silva, Rafael Lopes Paixão da; Barbato, Paulo Roberto; Fabrin, Caroline; Subramanian, S. V.

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107298

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 28 publications

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“…(2022) 15 that analyzed data from the first quarter of 2022 in the US also found a positive association between a child's likelihood of being vaccinated and their parents' education and income. In Brazil, a previous study has already identified significant area-level disparities in relation to covid-19 lethality and diagnostic testing performance 16 . It is crucial to extend the analysis of social inequalities in vaccination against covid-19 in Brazil, given the country's history of social inequalities, high burden of covid-19, and mismanagement of the pandemic 17 is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.…”

Section: (Which Was Not Certified By Peer Review)mentioning

confidence: 98%

Spatial clusters and social inequities in Covid-19 vaccine coverage among children in Brazil

Boing

Borges

et al. 2023

Preprint

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This study examined the spatial distribution and social inequalities in COVID-19 vaccine coverage among children aged 5-11 in Brazil. First and second dose vaccine coverage was calculated for all Brazilian municipalities and analyzed by geographic region and deciles based on human development index (HDI-M) and expected years of schooling at 18 years of age. Multilevel models were used to determine the variance partition coefficient, and bivariate local Moran`s I statistic was used to assess spatial association. Results showed significant differences in vaccine coverage rates among Brazilian municipalities, with lower coverage in the North and Midwest regions. Municipalities with lower HDI and expected years of schooling had consistently lower vaccine coverage rates. Bivariate clustering analysis identified extensive concentrations of municipalities in the Northern and Northeastern regions with low vaccine coverage and low human development, while some clusters of municipalities in the Southeast and South regions with low coverage were located in areas with high HDI-M. These findings highlight the persistent municipal-level inequalities in vaccine coverage among children in Brazil and the need for targeted interventions to improve vaccine access and coverage in underserved areas.

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Section: (Which Was Not Certified By Peer Review)mentioning

confidence: 98%

Spatial clusters and social inequities in Covid-19 vaccine coverage among children in Brazil

Boing

Borges

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Demographic, social, and clinical aspects associated with access to COVID-19 health care in Pará province, Brazilian Amazon

da Costa Miranda,

da Paixão,

Pedroso

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Internal social disparities in the Brazilian Amazon became more evident during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this work was to examine the demographic, social and clinical factors associated with access to COVID-19 health care in Pará Province in the Brazilian Amazon. This was an observational, cross-sectional, analytical study using a quantitative method through an online survey conducted from May to August 2023. People were eligible to participate if they were current residents of Pará, 18-years-old or older, with self-reported diagnoses of COVID-19 through rapid or laboratory tests. Participants completed an electronic survey was developed using Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) software—The adapted questionnaire “COVID-19 Global Clinical Platform: Case Report Form for Post-COVID Condition”. Questions focused on access to COVID-19 treatment, demographic characteristics, COVID-19 vaccine and clinical characteristics. Respondent-driven sampling was applied to recruit participants. Multiple logistic regression was utilized to identify the associated factors. Overall, a total of 638 participants were included. The average age was 31.1 years. Access to COVID-19 health care was 68.65% (438/638). The participants most likely to access health care were those with moderate or severe COVID-19 (p = 0.000; OR: 19.8) and females (p = 0.001; OR: 1.99). Moreover, participants who used homemade tea or herbal medicines were less likely to receive health care for COVID-19 in health services (p = 0.002; OR: 0.54). Ensuring access to healthcare is important in a pandemic scenario.

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Spatial clusters and social inequities in COVID-19 vaccine coverage among children in Brazil

Boing,

Borges

et al. 2024

Ciênc. saúde coletiva

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study examined the spatial distribution and social inequalities in COVID-19 vaccine coverage among children aged 5-11 in Brazil. First and second dose vaccine coverage was calculated for all Brazilian municipalities and analyzed by geographic region and deciles based on human development index (HDI-M) and expected years of schooling at 18 years of age. Multilevel models were used to determine the variance partition coefficient, and bivariate local Moran’s I statistic was used to assess spatial association. Results showed significant differences in vaccine coverage rates among Brazilian municipalities, with lower coverage in the North and Midwest regions. Municipalities with lower HDI and expected years of schooling had consistently lower vaccine coverage rates. Bivariate clustering analysis identified extensive concentrations of municipalities in the Northern and Northeastern regions with low vaccine coverage and low human development, while some clusters of municipalities in the Southeast and South regions with low coverage were located in areas with high HDI-M. These findings highlight the persistent municipal-level inequalities in vaccine coverage among children in Brazil and the need for targeted interventions to improve vaccine access and coverage in underserved areas.

show abstract

Area-level inequalities in Covid-19 outcomes in Brazil in 2020 and 2021: An analysis of 1,894,165 severe Covid-19 cases

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

Spatial clusters and social inequities in Covid-19 vaccine coverage among children in Brazil

Spatial clusters and social inequities in Covid-19 vaccine coverage among children in Brazil

Demographic, social, and clinical aspects associated with access to COVID-19 health care in Pará province, Brazilian Amazon

Spatial clusters and social inequities in COVID-19 vaccine coverage among children in Brazil

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