Are we Predisposed to Type 2 Diabetes Risk: a Case-Control Study from Urban Population in Western India

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is driven by genetic and environmental factors. Sequence variants of candidate genes are known to predispose Indians to T2DM. ' Asian Indian Phenotype' is a cluster of abnormality described earlier; links possible genetic proneness of Indians. PPARγ2 gene SNP rs1801282, a missense variant is associated with improved insulin sensitivity, reduced T2DM risk and adipogenesis. This polymorphism does not confer this benefit to Indian Asians as seen in Caucasians. ADRβ3 gene SNP rs4994 produce variant receptor protein with altered affinity; is associated to development of dyslipidemia, obesity, insulin resistance (IR) and early T2DM onset. Combined influence of both these alleles on hemoglobin glycation, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia is not reported which is addressed in this case-control study from urban western Indian population.