Are Total Prostate-specific Antigen Serum Levels in Cirrhotic Men Different From Those in Normal Men?

Ursodeoxycholic acid alleviates cholestasis-induced histophysiological alterations in the male reproductive system of bile duct-ligated rats

“…The present study revealed that BDL rats had smaller prostate glands and lower serum PSA levels in comparison to sham ones. In agreement with our results, patients with liver cirrhosis have decreased PSA levels in comparison to healthy subjects [49,51]. Low PSA levels accompanied by liver cirrhosis have been attributed to shrunken prostatic volume, decreased testosterone levels, or diminished serum protein level as a result of liver dysfunction [49].…”

Prostate carcinoma in liver transplant recipients: Think about it!

“…However, most studies show, interestingly enough, that the more severe the cirrhosis, the lower the PSA and testosterone levels. In a prospective study, it was estimated that men with cirrhosis have a serum PSA level 4 times lower than that in men without cirrhosis [14]. High levels of estrogen and a gonadotropic axis dysfunction could explain such results.…”

“…PSA measurement alone seemed to be insufficient for PC screening. A recent study highlighted the importance of DRE for PC screening [14]. Almost 50% of men in their cohort diagnosed with PC had an abnormal DRE finding.…”

The likelihood of having a serum PSA level of ≥2.5 ng/mL according to the degree of fatty liver disease in a screened population

“…17,18 Rather, results revealing no or negative relation between liver disease and serum PSA were predominant. [19][20][21][22][23][24] Some investigators noted that serum PSA levels were not significantly different between healthy men and men with liver cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis. 17,18 Williams et al found that serum bilirubin and aminotransferases declined significantly after liver transplantation, but the mean serum PSA levels before and after liver transplantation were not different.…”