Are there two species of the polychaete genus Marenzelleria in Europe?

Bastrop, Ralf; Röhner, Matthias; Jürss, K.

doi:10.1007/bf00349460

Cited by 33 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Putative sibling species have been uncovered in other spionids demonstrating varying phenotypic traits, e.g. Polydora ciliata (Mustaquim 1988), Marenzellaria viridis (Bastrop et al 1995), Polydora Ligni (Rice & Simon 1980, Rice 1991, Streblospio benedicti (Rice 1991) and the opportunistic capitellid Capitella sp. (Grassle & Grassle 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for poecilogony in Pygospio elegans (Polychaeta:Spionidae)

Morgan¹,

Rogers²,

Paterson³

et al. 1999

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The spionid polychaete Pygospio elegans displays more than one developmental mode. Larvae may develop directly, ingesting nurse eggs while brooded in capsules within the parental tube. or they may hatch early to feed in the plankton before settling. Asexual reproduction by architomic fragmentation also occurs. Geographically separated populations of P. elegans often display different life histories. Such a variable life history within a single species may be interpreted either as evidence of sibling speciation or of reproductive flexibility (poecilogony). Four populations from the English Channel were found to demonstrate differing life histories and were examined for morphological and genetic variability to determine whether P, elegans is in fact a cryptic species complex. Significant but minor inter-population polymorphisms were found in the distribution of branchiae and the extent of spoonlike hooded hooks. These externally polymorphic characters did not vary with relation to life history, and variation fell within the reported range for this species. Cellulose acetate electrophoresis was used to examine 10 allozyrne loci, 5 of which were polymorphic. Overall, observed heterozygosity (H, = 0.161) was lower than that expected under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (H,= 0.228). Significant heterozygote deficiencies, detected at the Est' and Xdh' loci in all populations (except Xdh' at Ryde Sand, Isle of Wight, UK), are discussed. F-statistics were used to examine patterns of genetic structuring anlong both separate and pooled populations. Fn values at all polymorphic loci indicated a significant level of genetic differentiation between populations, most probably related to isolation by geographic distance. No direct relationship between life history and genetic structure could be detected. Overall genetic identity among the 4 populations was high (I = 0.977 to 0.992). Overall, populations displaying larval brooding did not appear to be reproductively isolated from populations displaying a fully planktonic larval mode. Present data support the hypothesis that P. elegans is poecilogonous.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for poecilogony in Pygospio elegans (Polychaeta:Spionidae)

Morgan¹,

Rogers²,

Paterson³

et al. 1999

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…In general, the analysis and identification of allozymes using starch gel electrophoresis followed the protocols described in Bastrop et al (1995) and Röhner et al (1996a, b). The purpose of this study was to classify the individuals of the populations to either M. viridis or M. neglecta.…”

Section: Starch Gel Electrophoresismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was assumed that the species that had been found for the first time in the North Sea a few years ago (1979, Forth estuary;Elliott and Kingston 1987), had now invaded the Baltic Sea. However, genetic analyses revealed that the species found in the North Sea and the species, which had invaded the Baltic Sea, were sibling species of the same genus (Bastrop et al 1995(Bastrop et al , 1997(Bastrop et al , 1998Röhner et al 1996a, b). The species found in the North Sea was first named genetic type I and later M. cf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was assumed that M. viridis colonizes exclusively the estuaries and coastal waters of the North Sea, whereas M. neglecta is found, besides the oligohaline parts of the Elbe river estuary, only in the Baltic Sea (Bastrop et al 1995(Bastrop et al , 1997(Bastrop et al , 1998Röhner et al 1996a, b;Bick and Zettler 1997;Blank et al 2004). However, in autumn 2004, first evidence arose that M. viridis has invaded the Baltic Sea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular identification key based on PCR/RFLP for three polychaete sibling species of the genus Marenzelleria, and the species’ current distribution in the Baltic Sea

Blank

Laine²,

Jürss

et al. 2007

Helgol Mar Res

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Studies of Marenzelleria species were often hampered by identification uncertainties when using morphological characters only. A newly developed PCR/RFLP protocol allows a more efficient discrimination of the three species Marenzelleria viridis, Marenzelleria neglecta and Marenzelleria arctia currently known for the Baltic Sea. The protocol is based on PCR amplification of two mitochondrial DNA gene segments (16S, COI) followed by digestion with restriction enzymes. As it is faster and cheaper than PCR/sequencing protocols used so far, the protocol is recommended for large-scale analyses. The markers allow an undoubted determination of species irrespective of life stage or condition of the worms in the samples. The protocol was validated on about 950 specimens sampled at more than 30 sites of the Baltic and the North Sea, and on specimens from populations of the North American east coast. Besides this test we used mitochondrial DNA sequences (16S, COI, Cytb) and starch gel electrophoresis to further investigate the distribution of the three Marenzelleria species in the Baltic Sea. The results show that M. viridis (formerly genetic type I or M. cf. wireni) occurred in the Ö resund area, in the south western as well as in the eastern Baltic Sea, where it is found sympatric with M. neglecta. Allozyme electrophoresis indicated an introduction by range expansion from the North Sea. The second species, M. arctia, was only found in the northern Baltic Sea, where it sometimes occurred sympatric with M. neglecta or M. viridis. For Baltic M. arctia, the most probable way of introduction is by ship ballast water from the European Arctic. There is an urgent need for a new genetic analysis of all Marenzelleria populations of the Baltic Sea to unravel the current distribution of the three species.

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“…The existence of different life history traits has often been at the basis of the definition of sibling species among polychaetes (Grassle & Grassle 1976, Wilson 1983, Bastrop et al 1995. Nevertheless, genetic analysis of Atlantic (English Channel) and Mediterranean (Bay of Banyuls) Eupolymnia nebulosa specimens did not reveal major differences, at least in the RNA fragments studied (Lenaers & Bhaud 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental approach to the effects of varying recruitment strategy and food intake on early reproductive traits in a brooding Mediterranean polychaete

Martin¹,

H.²,

Nozais³

et al. 1998

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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We examined the effects of reproductive strategy and food Intake on the early life history traits of a Mediterranean population of Eupolyrnn~a nebulosa, a deposit-feeding, tubicolous polychaete. In the ~Vediterranean E. nebulosa are brood-caring, maturlty is attained at 2 yr and up to 4 cocoons are produced per female each year, whlch reduces larval dispersal. In the Atlantic E nebulosa are freespawning, they mature in their first year of life and they produce larger offspring, which are released simultaneously. An experimental population grown from spawn collected in the Mediterranean was divided into 2 groups on the basis of the number of tentacles. These 2 groups were taken to simulate the 2 reproductive strategies: worms with 2 , 3 , 4 and 5 tentacles at the start for the Mediterranean strategy and worms with 3 tentacles at the start for the Atlantic strategy. They were further subdivided and treated with low-and high-energy diets. After 3 mo the only significant difference was a high number of survivors in the group used to simulate Mediterranean recruitment. After 12 mo the high-energy diet increased survival, mean number of tentacles per individual, total tentacles and total worm biomass, and reduced generation time to 1 yr. Although fecundity of these early breeders was lower than that of 2 yr old worms from both laboratory and field populations, this can be entirely attributed to differences in maternal body size. Based on our experimental results, the ecological implications of the reproductive strategy of Mediterranean E. nebulosa are discussed and a new model of resource allocation is proposed for their populations.

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Are there two species of the polychaete genus Marenzelleria in Europe?

Cited by 33 publications

References 19 publications

Evidence for poecilogony in Pygospio elegans (Polychaeta:Spionidae)

Evidence for poecilogony in Pygospio elegans (Polychaeta:Spionidae)

Molecular identification key based on PCR/RFLP for three polychaete sibling species of the genus Marenzelleria, and the species’ current distribution in the Baltic Sea

An experimental approach to the effects of varying recruitment strategy and food intake on early reproductive traits in a brooding Mediterranean polychaete

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