Are there sex differences in brain activity during long-term memory? A systematic review and fMRI activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis

Spets, Dylan S.; Slotnick, Scott D.

doi:10.1080/17588928.2020.1806810

Cited by 46 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…There is an abundance of evidence that there are sex differences in the brain across many types of long-term memory (see Spets & Slotnick, 2020). The current results extend these findings by showing hippocampal connectivity is significantly different between females and males during spatial long-term memory.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Critically, in the large majority of these functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies, there was no difference in the behavioral accuracy between female and male participants such that differential brain activity between the sexes could not be attributed to performance differences. Moreover, a recent meta-analysis that investigated differences in whole-brain fMRI activity between females and males during long-term memory found that males consistently activated the lateral prefrontal cortex, visual processing regions, parahippocampal cortex, and the cerebellum to a greater extent than females across a variety of long-term memory tasks (Spets & Slotnick, 2020).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex differences in hippocampal connectivity during spatial long‐term memory

2021

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Sex differences in brain activity have been reported across various types of long-term memory. To our knowledge, sex differences in functional connectivity during longterm memory have not been investigated. A previous study on the structural connectome identified that female brains have a greater degree of interhemispheric connectivity than males, whereas males have a greater degree of intrahemispheric

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in hippocampal connectivity during spatial long‐term memory

2021

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“…Among the hormonal differences, testosterone plays a key role in determining the sex of a newborn and also affects mood formation and personality. In particular, androgynous differences affect their interests, activities and levels of aggression [64]. The fact that these differences emerge at a very early age and are found in all cultures suggests the involvement of biological factors [65].…”

Section: User Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But, in addition, technical advances in brain scanning have also detected structural differences between males and females. For example, the use of MRI to analyse sex differences in the orbitofrontal cortex revealed that women have a larger volume in regions related to emotional and affective regulation than men [64]. Evidence has also been collected on the different ways in which men's and women's brains work to perform cognitive and emotional tasks.…”

Section: User Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

How do Consumers’ Gender and Rational Thinking Affect the Acceptance of Entertainment Social Robots?

Forgas-Coll

Huertas-García

Andriella

et al. 2021

Int J of Soc Robotics

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In recent years, the rapid ageing of the population, a longer life expectancy and elderly people’s desire to live independently are social changes that put pressure on healthcare systems. This context is boosting the demand for companion and entertainment social robots on the market and, consequently, producers and distributors are interested in knowing how these social robots are accepted by consumers. Based on technology acceptance models, a parsimonious model is proposed to estimate the intention to use this new advanced social robot technology and, in addition, an analysis is performed to determine how consumers’ gender and rational thinking condition the precedents of the intention to use. The results show that gender differences are more important than suggested by the literature. While women gave greater social influence and perceived enjoyment as the main motives for using a social robot, in contrast, men considered their perceived usefulness to be the principal reason and, as a differential argument, the ease of use. Regarding the reasoning system, the most significant differences occurred between heuristic individuals, who stated social influence as the main reason for using a robot, and the more rational consumers, who gave ease of use as a differential argument.

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“…Although numerous research findings point to a wide variety of sex/gender differences in brain anatomy and function (Bale, 2019;Ruigrok et al, 2014;Spets & Slotnick, 2020), the investigation and reporting of sex/gender differences is a topic of ongoing debate in medical and neuroscientific research. Biological sex differences are commonly neglected in clinical research, resulting in significant disadvantages for patients with female biological characteristics due to incorrect dosing of medications or unanticipated side effects (Cahill, 2014).…”

Section: Considering Sex/gender Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary and serum tyrosine, white matter microstructure and inter-individual variability in executive functions in overweight adults: relation to sex/gender and age

Brecht

Medawar

Thieleking

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Tyrosine (tyr), the precursor of the neurotransmitter dopamine, is known to modulate cognitive functions including executive attention. Tyr supplementation is suggested to influence dopamine-modulated cognitive performance. However, results are inconclusive, regarding the presence or strength and also the direction of the association between tyr and cognitive function. This pre-registered cross-sectional analysis investigates whether diet-associated serum tyr relates to executive attention performance, and whether this relationship is moderated by differences in white matter microstructure. 59 healthy, overweight, young to middle-aged adults (20F, 28.3 ± 6.6 years, BMI: 27.3 ± 1.5 kg/m2) drawn from a longitudinal study reported dietary habits, donated blood and completed diffusion-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging and the attention network test. Main analyses were performed using linear regressions and non-parametric voxel-wise inference testing.Confirmatory analyses did neither support an association between dietary and serum tyr nor a relationship between relative serum tyr/large neutral amino acids (LNAA) levels or white matter microstructure and executive attention performance. However, exploratory analyses revealed higher tyr intake, higher serum tyr and better executive attention performance in the male sex/gender group. In addition, older age was associated with higher dietary tyr intake and lower fractional anisotropy in a widespread cluster across the brain. Finally, a positive association between relative serum tyr/LNAA and executive attention performance was found in the male sex/gender group when accounting for age effects.Our analysis advances the field of dopamine-modulated cognitive functions by revealing sex/gender and age differences which might be diet-related. Longitudinal or intervention studies and larger sample sizes are needed to provide more reliable evidence for links between tyr and executive attention.

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Are there sex differences in brain activity during long-term memory? A systematic review and fMRI activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis

Cited by 46 publications

References 50 publications

Sex differences in hippocampal connectivity during spatial long‐term memory

Sex differences in hippocampal connectivity during spatial long‐term memory

How do Consumers’ Gender and Rational Thinking Affect the Acceptance of Entertainment Social Robots?

Dietary and serum tyrosine, white matter microstructure and inter-individual variability in executive functions in overweight adults: relation to sex/gender and age

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