“…Such an ability has already been reported in the context of prelearning manipulations, in which certain stimuli are preassociated before the memory experiment with different monetary values (Gong & Li, 2014;Infanti, Hickey, Menghi, & Turatto, 2017;Thomas, FitzGibbon, & Raymond, 2016;Wallis, Stokes, Arnold, & Nobre, 2015). It has recently been extended to more online processing and explored experimentally in a series of studies in which participants were instructed to remember a sequence of visual stimuli, but to prioritize certain items from within this sequence based on associated reward values (Atkinson et al, 2018;Hitch, Hu, Allen, & Baddeley, 2018;Hu, Allen, Baddeley, & Hitch, 2016;Hu, Hitch, Baddeley, Zhang, & Allen, 2014). This work consistently produces improved recall accuracy for prioritized items, alongside costs to deprioritized items, indicating that limited resources can be flexibly managed online to optimize task performance.…”