Are There Fundamental Rights for Roma Beggars in Europe?

Mäkinen, Virpi

doi:10.1179/pol.14.2.c77t558j6u2j53m5

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Gerdes and Wadensjö (2013) document the increased immigration from the new member states, showing that most migrants arrived from Poland mainly because of its large population and proximity to the Scandinavian Peninsula. Additionally, Mäkinen (2013) highlights a substantial migration of poor Romanians which started in 2007. According to Friberg and Eldring (2013), Norway stands out as the main destination for EU migrants, having received an approximately equal number of migrants as all the other Nordic countries combined.…”

Section: Enlargement Of the Eumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although these countries have undergone considerable reforms in the 1980s and 1990s, they are still characterized by relatively high social expenditures and universalistic principles of access to welfare services and benefits. Additionally, Mäkinen (2013) emphasizes that in the Nordic countries social welfare is based on the strong role of the state and contends that it is the responsibility of the state to take care of those who are unable to satisfy their basic needs. Consequently, widespread impoverishment is perceived as a sign of the welfare state's failure and suggests a breakdown in its social systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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European transnational migration and homelessness in Scandinavia

Amundson

2017

IJMHSC

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the European transnational migration of poverty in a regional context, specifically focusing on homelessness among the migrant poor in Norway and Sweden. Gathering insight from individuals who routinely assist with social care, this research seeks to find out if the liberal provision of welfare and supportive services attracts poor migrants to this region from other parts of Europe. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative in-depth interviews with individuals who provide social care assistance to homeless migrants in Oslo and Stockholm. Findings The influx of people experiencing homelessness in these areas is comprised mainly of two distinct sub-populations. One group migrated in search of employment opportunities but struggled with tenuous working and living arrangements. A second more transient group appeared to be motivated by perceptions of Scandinavian benevolence and charity. Both groups lacked familiarity with the social welfare system but were generally uninhibited by cultural differences between their destination and country of origin. Research limitations/implications The intent of this study is not to generalize to a broader population but to develop an in-depth exploration of homelessness and migration from the perspective of social care workers. Purposive sampling is used to gather insights from key informants that work closely with homeless migrants; however the findings can be limited by the unique experiences of each individual. Practical implications In the public discourse on homelessness it is a mistake to group all homeless migrants together. Additionally it is important to distinguish between the needs of migrants and non-migrants, as these two homeless populations generally do not struggle with the same issues. Originality/value With a better understanding of this issue, governments will be able to provide more adequate assistance and develop more effective initiatives to combat and prevent homelessness.

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Section: Enlargement Of the Eumentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

European transnational migration and homelessness in Scandinavia

Amundson

2017

IJMHSC

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“…The problematizing of the Roma is a persistent practice which, for instance, can be noticed in contemporary debates on Roma begging in the streets of cities throughout Europe (Mäkinen, 2013), or on Bulgarian Roma migrants picking berries under precarious conditions in the North of Sweden (Mesic & Woolfson, 2015). In postcommunist Europe, the Roma have been constructed as the 'ultimate scapegoat' for every hardship that came with the transition to market economy (Miskovic, 2009).…”

Section: Methodological Considerations and Empirical Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring misery discourses: problematized Roma in labour market projects

Vesterberg

2016

RELA

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“…Rather, Article 27 of the EU directive 2004/38/EU states that the "expulsion of Union citizens and their family members on grounds of public policy or public security are measures to be done only in exceptional circumstances, where there are imperative grounds of public security". Despite this restrictive standpoint, Roma from Romania in particular, have been subjected to forced deportations in several EU countries, starting in Italy in 2007, with France following suit shortly after (Mäkinen 2013). These actions prompted criticism by The Committee for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (Committee 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These actions prompted criticism by The Committee for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (Committee 2012). Occasional deportations even occurred in Nordic countries from 2010 onward (Mäkinen 2013). While Swedish municipalities refuse to provide adequate housing options, water and sanitation to sedentary settlements (shanty camps), evictions and policing vulnerable EU citizens' ability to find shelter frequently occurs, especially in unwelcoming municipalities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%