Are There Effective Interventions to Increase Physical Activity in Children and Young People? An Umbrella Review

Mannocci, Alice; D’Egidio, V; Backhaus, Insa; Federici, Antonio; Sinopoli, Anna; Varela, Andrea Ramírez; Villari, Paolo; Torre, Giuseppe La

doi:10.3390/ijerph17103528

Cited by 42 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…A 'typical' school day, in and of itself, fills a [43], further studies incorporating these measures on both structured and lessstructured days are warranted. Notably, the majority of intervention efforts have focused on children during weekdays during the school year, where little-to-no impact has been made on children's MVPA [4,5]. A recent meta-analysis of 17 randomized controlled trials spanning North/South America, Europe and Australia, reported null effects for influencing accelerometer-assessed weekday MVPA [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Device-measured international estimates of children’s MVPA suggests that no more than 45% of children meet the daily recommendation [ 2 , 3 ]. The majority of research aimed at improving children’s daily physical activity levels have taken place in the school setting [ 4 ], with school-based intervention efforts falling short of making a positive impact on children’s physical activity across the full day [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Children’s moderate-to-vigorous physical activity on weekdays versus weekend days: a multi-country analysis

Brazendale

Beets

Armstrong

et al. 2021

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

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Purpose The Structured Days Hypothesis (SDH) posits that children’s behaviors associated with obesity – such as physical activity – are more favorable on days that contain more ‘structure’ (i.e., a pre-planned, segmented, and adult-supervised environment) such as school weekdays, compared to days with less structure, such as weekend days. The purpose of this study was to compare children’s moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels on weekdays versus weekend days using a large, multi-country, accelerometer-measured physical activity dataset. Methods Data were received from the International Children’s Accelerometer Database (ICAD) July 2019. The ICAD inclusion criteria for a valid day of wear, only non-intervention data (e.g., baseline intervention data), children with at least 1 weekday and 1 weekend day, and ICAD studies with data collected exclusively during school months, were included for analyses. Mixed effects models accounting for the nested nature of the data (i.e., days within children) assessed MVPA minutes per day (min/day MVPA) differences between weekdays and weekend days by region/country, adjusted for age, sex, and total wear time. Separate meta-analytical models explored differences by age and country/region for sex and child weight-status. Results/findings Valid data from 15 studies representing 5794 children (61% female, 10.7 ± 2.1 yrs., 24% with overweight/obesity) and 35,263 days of valid accelerometer data from 5 distinct countries/regions were used. Boys and girls accumulated 12.6 min/day (95% CI: 9.0, 16.2) and 9.4 min/day (95% CI: 7.2, 11.6) more MVPA on weekdays versus weekend days, respectively. Children from mainland Europe had the largest differences (17.1 min/day more MVPA on weekdays versus weekend days, 95% CI: 15.3, 19.0) compared to the other countries/regions. Children who were classified as overweight/obese or normal weight/underweight accumulated 9.5 min/day (95% CI: 6.9, 12.2) and 10.9 min/day (95% CI: 8.3, 13.5) of additional MVPA on weekdays versus weekend days, respectively. Conclusions Children from multiple countries/regions accumulated significantly more MVPA on weekdays versus weekend days during school months. This finding aligns with the SDH and warrants future intervention studies to prioritize less-structured days, such as weekend days, and to consider providing opportunities for all children to access additional opportunities to be active.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children’s moderate-to-vigorous physical activity on weekdays versus weekend days: a multi-country analysis

Brazendale

Beets

Armstrong

et al. 2021

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Research can also examine underlying reasons for differences in motor competencies such as the type of sport or activity participation or physical education curricula, as well as examine what type of physical activity is important for motor development [ 46 ]. There have been at least two reviews of interventions to promote physical activity among preschoolers, which is particularly relevant with increases in preschool enrollment [ 47 , 48 ]. One recommended that interventions for preschool children be theory-driven, involve children and parents, and include a structured activity delivered by experts [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been at least two reviews of interventions to promote physical activity among preschoolers, which is particularly relevant with increases in preschool enrollment [ 47 , 48 ]. One recommended that interventions for preschool children be theory-driven, involve children and parents, and include a structured activity delivered by experts [ 47 ]. Another recommended that preschoolers need developmentally appropriate instruction in motor competence, as well as opportunities to practice and develop a positive self-perception of their motor competencies [ 48 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor Competence and Attainment of Global Physical Activity Guidelines among a Statewide Sample of Preschoolers

Slaton

Kowalski

Zemanick

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Global physical activity guidelines for preschoolers include 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) daily. This study, based on the developmental model of motor skill competence, examines how motor competence relates to preschoolers’ likelihood of meeting global guidelines using ankle accelerometry. We measured physical activity using 24-h ankle-placement accelerometry (Actical) for at least two consecutive days (87% with six-seven days), motor competence using the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2), and BMI-for-age z-scores (BMIz) using anthropometry and age- and sex-specific CDC norms. Caregivers provided demographic characteristics of children’s age, sex, and race. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine how motor competence, BMIz weight status, and demographic characteristics related to meeting global physical activity guidelines. The sample included 588 preschoolers, age 3–5 years; 55% male; 60% white; and 28% overweight/obese; 75% attained the recommended 60 min of MVPA per day. The odds of meeting MVPA guidelines were associated with higher gross motor quotient, higher object control scores, sex (male), age (older), and race (white), but not with BMIz weight status. Findings support the use of 24-h ankle accelerometry among preschoolers and are consistent with the developmental model of motor competence applied to preschoolers, whereby object control competence relates positively to attaining global physical activity guidelines.

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“…Numerous interventions have been developed to support PA among children and adolescents, with most of them being conducted in a school setting [10], where it is easy to reach all children despite their age or socioeconomic background. In recent years, interventions using a variety of technological solutions have emerged, which can be explained by the high level of technology use among children and adolescents as well as by the vast possibilities of information and communication technologies (ICTs) that enable more individualized behavior change interventions [10]. It is also important that through ICT solutions, it is possible to provide health information to people who would otherwise not have access to health education resources [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agent-Oriented Goal Models in Developing Information Systems Supporting Physical Activity Among Adolescents: Literature Review and Expert Interviews

Mooses¹,

Taveter²

2021

J Med Internet Res

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Background Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are becoming increasingly popular in supporting the fight against low physical activity (PA) levels among adolescents. However, several ICT solutions lack evidence-based content. Therefore, there is a need to identify important features that have the potential to efficiently and consistently support the PA of adolescents using ICT solutions. Objective This study aims to create evidence-based models of requirements for ICT solutions supporting PA by combining scientific evidence from literature and health experts. In addition, we test the suitability of agent-oriented goal models in this type of modeling process. Methods A literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases was conducted to identify evidence-based functional, quality, and emotional goals that have previously been proven to be relevant in supporting PAs among youth using ICT solutions. The identified goals were presented in the form of goal models. These models were used to collaborate with health experts to receive their input on the topic and suggestions for improvement. The initial goal models were improved based on the feedback from the experts. Results The results indicated that agent-oriented goal modeling is a suitable method for merging information from the literature and experts. One strength of agent-oriented goal models is that they present emotional requirements together with quality and functional requirements. Another strength is the possibility of presenting results from a literature review in a systematic manner and using them thereafter in the communication process with stakeholders. Agent-oriented goal models that were created were easy to understand for health experts without previous experience in requirements engineering, which facilitates and supports collaboration with nontechnical stakeholders. Conclusions The proposed agent-oriented goal models effectively merged information from scientific literature and experts in the field and presented early functional, quality, and emotional requirements in a holistic and coherent manner. We believe that the created models have high potential to help requirements engineers and developers to provide more efficient ICT solutions that support PA among adolescents in the future.

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Are There Effective Interventions to Increase Physical Activity in Children and Young People? An Umbrella Review

Cited by 42 publications

References 37 publications

Children’s moderate-to-vigorous physical activity on weekdays versus weekend days: a multi-country analysis

Children’s moderate-to-vigorous physical activity on weekdays versus weekend days: a multi-country analysis

Motor Competence and Attainment of Global Physical Activity Guidelines among a Statewide Sample of Preschoolers

Agent-Oriented Goal Models in Developing Information Systems Supporting Physical Activity Among Adolescents: Literature Review and Expert Interviews

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