Are the energy poor also income poor? Evidence from India

Khandker, Shahidur R.; Barnes, Douglas F.; Samad, Hussain A.

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2012.02.028

Cited by 228 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…viii Khandker et al [27] [63] include rootfuels in their study, it was neither included in firewood or crop residue categories and thus is the only fuel covered by that study not included in this one. The specific gravity of kerosene in India is taken from Misra et al [65].…”

Section: Discussing Household Co 2 Emission Results In a Global Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The income deciles presented in these two figures have been separated into deciles only after being divided from one another so cannot be directly compared with all-India decile results connected with welfare inequality. Furthermore, if a household were to replace a household lighting source using the same firewood and stove combination with electric lighting at 95% efficiency [27], then less than five times the amount of household boundary energy would be required. These are simplifications, but it is clear from such comparisons, and the results shown in Figure 3, that the explanation for increasing end-use energy with decreasing household boundary energy lies in richer households choosing to replace low efficiency energy services with higher efficiency ones.…”

Section: Discussing Household Co 2 Emission Results In a Global Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, analyses of household energy use and/or emissions based on household survey data are also widely available in literature for both richer [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] and poorer countries [26][27][28][29][30][31]. In the case of India, such analyses are showcased in the work of Pachauri and Spreng [29] and…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Prior studies of household energy use in India indicate a large difference between urban and rural energy use patterns [27,28]. Along with the combined all-India results that are the focus of this study, rural and urban results xxxi are also presented separately in Appendix E and Appendix G for comparison.…”

Section: Rural/urban Energy and Co 2 Emissions Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[55]; a much higher share of energy poor households in rural over urban locations despite a similar share of income poor households in both locations [27]; a likely increase in household non-farm enterprise incomes from improved electricity access and availability [56]; a finding that water supply and educational attainment are major determinants of the uptake of modern fuels alongside more obvious ones such as income, fuel pricing and access [57]; findings for well-being associations that highlight the need for electricity access prioritization in rural areas and electricity availability across all of India [58]; a finding that uptake of modern fuels is impeded by large family size [59]; findings that led the author to recommend renewed Indian government focus on improved stoves and kitchen ventilation [60]; and findings for the potential for social and economic benefits for rural women from the use of improved cookstoves in Indian households [61].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surprises Up the Energy Ladder

et al. 2017

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Traditional discussions of the relationships between energy, CO2 emissions and human development capture between-country differences, but fail to expose within-country energy and CO2 emissions inequality. Household survey data offers researchers a window through which to better understand the unequal distribution of energy use and the Human Development Index (HDI) at a sub-national level. This study uses India Human Development However, the wealth creation needed to sustain a transition out of energy poverty appears to be accompanied by indirect CO 2 emissions growth, especially in the richest deciles. Addressing both of these challenges at the same time requires a coherent strategy that targets energy poverty and wealth creation in the poorest deciles while reducing the emissions intensity of the sectors -notably transportation -of the Indian and global economies supporting increasing household consumption.

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Section: Discussing Household Co 2 Emission Results In a Global Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussing Household Co 2 Emission Results In a Global Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Rural/urban Energy and Co 2 Emissions Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surprises Up the Energy Ladder

et al. 2017

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Sugarcane: a way out of energy poverty

Leite¹,

Leal

Nogueira³

et al. 2016

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Universal access to modern energy is required if the world is to reduce poverty and enable sustainable development. Energy poverty is the lack of access to safe and efficient energy carriers. It affects more than 1.3 billion people without electricity and 2.7 billion without appropriate cooking facilities and fuels, particularly in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). Under these conditions, people rely on traditional biomass to fulfil basic needs. Traditional biomass use causes death and disease associated with indoor air pollution, high labor demands to obtain biomass, and environmental damage due to deforestation. This paper analyzes the potential for modern energy production based on sugarcane in SSA. A standard, business‐as‐usual (BAU), sugar‐based project is explored vis‐à‐vis more aggressive scenarios for producing modern energy, including electricity, ethanol, and solid fuel pellets. All scenarios considered are based on a single sugarcane mill processing one million tonnes of cane per year, grown in an area of 15 000 hectares. Our simulations show that over 210 000 households could be served with electricity and other 31 000 with modern cooking fuels under the scenarios examined. Less dependence on traditional biomass may also spare wooded environments from deforestation. However, harnessing modern energy from sugarcane does not come without challenges. Economic pitfalls (e.g. investment costs and affordability) coupled with poor political environments are among the main obstacles. Nevertheless, encouraging local and regional trends proved bioenergy a feasible way out of energy poverty and an alternative to sustainable development. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

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Relative deprivation and energy poverty: when does unequal access to electricity cause dissatisfaction?

Dugoua

Urpelainen

2014

Int. J. Energy Res.

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SUMMARY In the least developed countries, unequal access to infrastructure is a major form of inequality. We examine the conditions under which unequal electricity access causes dissatisfaction. The question is important because grievances could prompt demands for policy change. We argue that feelings of relative deprivation both cause dissatisfaction and create hope for improvement. Empirically, we analyze household survey data from five East African countries. All else constant, households living close to a power line are less satisfied with their lighting solution but also have more hope for improvement. Because household lighting is the most important use for electricity in a poor household, this supports the relative deprivation hypothesis. Households that are reminded of their deprivation by the power line are both less satisfied and believe something can be done to solve the problem. To inform policy, we also show that the proximity of a power line decreases the household's interest in solar home systems as an alternative to grid electrification, whereas valuation for solar lanterns seems to be increasing. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Are the energy poor also income poor? Evidence from India

Cited by 228 publications

References 8 publications

Surprises Up the Energy Ladder

Surprises Up the Energy Ladder

Sugarcane: a way out of energy poverty

Relative deprivation and energy poverty: when does unequal access to electricity cause dissatisfaction?

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