“…Considering the numerous potential ethical issues of information management and death alluded to in the review above, surprisingly few works have begun to directly engage such issues. To do so, however, is important, as it concerns many people, living or dead, and is thus rife with ethical considerations (Cupit et al, 2012;Öhman, 2020). Discussions have emerged in the literature around two topics, authored primarily by philosophers.…”
Section: The Ethics Of Information and Deathmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…With the accumulation of digital remains of people who have passed away (Öhman, 2019), the deceased can appear to persist like the living (Meese, Nansen, et al, 2015) and even maintain a personal and often personified presence within the domains of the living (Öhman, 2020), and when publicly available such remains create public digital mortuary landscapes (Ulguim, 2018). Recent decades have seen the accumulation of social media profiles belonging to the dead (Öhman & Watson, 2019, 2021), which has opened new issues of ownership, ethics, and transparency (Tietz et al, 2018). As scholars have noted, change in deceased user policies has often been solely in the hands of legislators (McCallig, 2014) and legislation about death, like legislation in other digital domains, “highlights the limitations of how we currently approach identity in computational spaces” (Brubaker, 2015, p. 231).…”
Death is an inevitable part of life and highly relevant to information management: its approach often requires preparation, and its occurrence often demands a response. Many works in information science have acknowledged so much, and yet death is rarely a focused topic, appearing instead sporadically and disconnected across research. As a result there is no introduction to, overview of, or synthesis across studies on death and information. We therefore conducted an extensive literature search and reviewed nearly 300 scholarly publications at the intersection of death and information (and data) management. Covering seven topics in total, we review two groups of work directly engaging information management in relation to death (digital possessions, inheritance, and legacy; information behavior, needs, and practices around death), three engaging death and technology that require information and its management (death and the Internet, thanatosensitive design and technology‐augmented death practices, and the digital afterlife and digital immortality), and two reflecting the ethical and legal dimensions unique to death and information. We then integrate the collective findings to summarize the landscape of death‐related information research, outline remaining challenges for individuals, families, institutions, and society, and identify promising directions for future information science research.
“…Considering the numerous potential ethical issues of information management and death alluded to in the review above, surprisingly few works have begun to directly engage such issues. To do so, however, is important, as it concerns many people, living or dead, and is thus rife with ethical considerations (Cupit et al, 2012;Öhman, 2020). Discussions have emerged in the literature around two topics, authored primarily by philosophers.…”
Section: The Ethics Of Information and Deathmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…With the accumulation of digital remains of people who have passed away (Öhman, 2019), the deceased can appear to persist like the living (Meese, Nansen, et al, 2015) and even maintain a personal and often personified presence within the domains of the living (Öhman, 2020), and when publicly available such remains create public digital mortuary landscapes (Ulguim, 2018). Recent decades have seen the accumulation of social media profiles belonging to the dead (Öhman & Watson, 2019, 2021), which has opened new issues of ownership, ethics, and transparency (Tietz et al, 2018). As scholars have noted, change in deceased user policies has often been solely in the hands of legislators (McCallig, 2014) and legislation about death, like legislation in other digital domains, “highlights the limitations of how we currently approach identity in computational spaces” (Brubaker, 2015, p. 231).…”
Death is an inevitable part of life and highly relevant to information management: its approach often requires preparation, and its occurrence often demands a response. Many works in information science have acknowledged so much, and yet death is rarely a focused topic, appearing instead sporadically and disconnected across research. As a result there is no introduction to, overview of, or synthesis across studies on death and information. We therefore conducted an extensive literature search and reviewed nearly 300 scholarly publications at the intersection of death and information (and data) management. Covering seven topics in total, we review two groups of work directly engaging information management in relation to death (digital possessions, inheritance, and legacy; information behavior, needs, and practices around death), three engaging death and technology that require information and its management (death and the Internet, thanatosensitive design and technology‐augmented death practices, and the digital afterlife and digital immortality), and two reflecting the ethical and legal dimensions unique to death and information. We then integrate the collective findings to summarize the landscape of death‐related information research, outline remaining challenges for individuals, families, institutions, and society, and identify promising directions for future information science research.
“…1 The relationship between basic privacy protection, narrow postmortem privacy protection, and broad postmortem privacy protection a new law to cope with this problem (Harbinja 2021). In addition, Öhman and Watson (2021) discussed digital heritage, such as Instagram data, as having significant value for future generations. There is a need for a systematic curatorial framework for these data (Öhman and Watson 2021).…”
Section: Direction Of Postmortem Privacymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, Öhman and Watson (2021) discussed digital heritage, such as Instagram data, as having significant value for future generations. There is a need for a systematic curatorial framework for these data (Öhman and Watson 2021).…”
Section: Direction Of Postmortem Privacymentioning
It is important to manage individuals’ personal data after their death to maintain their dignity or follow their wishes as much as possible. From this perspective, this report describes the real-world commercialization of immortal digital personalities, which gives eternal life to the deceased in a digital form. We identify the problems with the commercialization of deceased users’ images and personal data, which becomes postmortem entertainment. Considering these problems, we seek out the ideal form of deceased users’ personal data for commercialization. We conduct a social survey to understand how ordinary Japanese people feel about the various types of publicly available services that use personal data after death, such as social network service logs. By analyzing our survey results approximately 20% of respondents would allow the commercial use of their personal data, such as browsing their social network service logs, if they could receive compensation during their lifetime.
This conceptual article argues that class is a major factor in the social division and polarisation after the Covid-19 pandemic. Current discourse and communication analyses of phenomena such as compliance with measures and vaccine hesitancy seek explanations mainly in opposing ideological stances, ignoring existing structural inequalities and class relations and their effects on people’s decisions. I approach social cohesion in the Covid-19 pandemic through the theories of epidemic psychology, which sees language as fundamental in social conflicts during pandemics, and progressive neoliberalism, which critiques a post-industrial social class whose assumed moral superiority and talking down to working-class people is argued to be an explanation of many current social conflicts. I argue that these theories construct a valuable theoretical framework for explaining and analysing the social division and polarisation that has resulted from the pandemic. Reducing non-compliance with mitigating measures and vaccine hesitancy to an ideological issue implies that it can be countered by combatting misinformation and anti-vaccination thinking and shutting down particular discourses, which grossly simplifies the problem. The impact that class relations and inequality have on political and health issues, coupled with the characteristics of progressive neoliberalism, may partially explain the rise of populist and nativist movements. I conclude that if social cohesion is to be maintained through the ongoing climate emergency, understanding the impacts of progressive neoliberalism and the role of contempt in exclusionary discursive practices is of utmost importance.
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