Are Strength Indicators and Skin Temperature Affected by the Type of Warm-Up in Paralympic Powerlifting Athletes?

Resende, Marcelo de Aquino; Aidar, Felipe J.; Resende, Roberta Barreto Vasconcelos; Reis, Gracielle Costa; Barros, Layanne de Oliveira; Matos, Dihogo Gama de; Marçal, Anderson Carlos; Almeida-Neto, Paulo Francisco de; Díaz-de-Durana, Alfonso López; Merino-Fernández, María; Vilaça-Alves, José; Cabral, Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinôco; Neves, Eduardo Borba; Reis, Víctor Machado; Clemente, Filipe Manuel; Garrido, Nuno

doi:10.3390/healthcare9080923

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…If the participant could not perform a single repetition, 2.4% to 2.5% was subtracted from the load used in the test. The subjects rested for 3 to 5 min between attempts [25,26].…”

Section: Procedures 241 Load Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the Level of Training Interfere with the Sustainability of Static and Dynamic Strength in Paralympic Powerlifting Athletes?

et al. 2022

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Background: Paralympic powerlifting (PP) presents adaptations that the training tends to provide, mainly concerning the mechanical variables. Objective: Our aim was to analyze mechanical, dynamic and static indicators, at different intensities, on the performance of paralympic powerlifting athletes. Methods: 23 athletes of PP, 11 national level (NL) and 12 regional level (RL) performed dynamic and static tests over a comprehensive range of loads. The study evaluated regional and national level athletes and the influence on the training level on the performance of strength. The study was carried out in four weeks, with the first week to familiarize with the one repetition maximum (1RM), day 1, and there was a 72-h rest and familiarization with dynamic and static tests carried out day 2. In week 2, the 1RM tests were performed (day 1 and 72 h later), and the static tests were performed with a distance of 15 cm from the bar to the chest, with the tests of maximum isometric strength, time to maximum isometric strength, rate of force development (RFD), impulse, variability and fatigue index (IF) taking place on day 2. In weeks three and four dynamic tests were performed, including means propulsive velocity, maximum velocity, power and prediction of one maximum repeat. Results: Differences were found, with better results than for RL in relation to NL in MVP (45%, 55%, and 75% 1RM), in VMax (50%, 55%, 75% and 95% 1RM). In power, the NL had better results (40%, 45%, 50%, 60% and 95% 1RM). Conclusion: RL athletes tend to present better results with regard to velocity, however in power, NL athletes tend to present better performances.

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“…If the participant could not perform a single repetition, 2.4% to 2.5% was subtracted from the load used in the test. The subjects rested for 3 to 5 min between attempts [25,26].…”

Section: Procedures 241 Load Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the Level of Training Interfere with the Sustainability of Static and Dynamic Strength in Paralympic Powerlifting Athletes?

et al. 2022

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“…Seven studies [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ] were excluded with reason ( n = 2, not reporting sufficient details; n = 5, not disaggregating data according to para-sports discipline). Finally, 37 studies [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ] were retained in the present scoping review. We found that the included studies focused on a range of aspects involving health, classification, the etiology of injuries, and performance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two randomized, cross-over studies [ 26 , 27 ] in a sample of 12 elite Brazilian male PP athletes (aged 24.14 ± 6.21 years, body weight 81.67 ± 17.36 kg, experience 4.45 ± 0.31 years) [ 26 ] and in a sample of 15 elite Brazilian male PP athletes (aged 28.47 ± 5.79 years, body weight 81.75 ± 17.33 kg, experience 2.43 ± 1.03 years) [ 27 ] investigated the impact of three different warm-up conditions (no warm-up, traditional warm-up consisting of dynamic resistance exercises, and stretching warm-up) on a set of PP performance-related outcomes and variables. These included dynamic (1-RM and mean propulsive velocity) and isometric strength (rate of force development, maximum isometric force, time to maximum isometric force, fatigue index, impulse, variability, peak torque) and skin temperature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, disabled people may have impaired thermoregulatory responses to exercise and could benefit less from warm-ups. In PP, the warm-up, regardless of its design and format (in terms of type, intensity, and volume), has been shown by two studies [ 26 , 27 ] to improve performance (type, intensity, volume), even though the body of evidence is limited (being based on two studies only), and more research should be conducted to explore the effects of other designs of warm-up strategies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Bibliometrics-Enhanced, PAGER-Compliant Scoping Review of the Literature on Paralympic Powerlifting: Insights for Practices and Future Research

et al. 2022

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Paralympic powerlifting (PP), formerly known as “International Paralympic Committee” (IPC) powerlifting, is the format of powerlifting adapted for athletes with disabilities, and it differs from the version for able-bodied athletes in that it consists of bench press only. According to the mandate of the IPC, PP athletes should be enabled to achieve sporting excellence. As such, rigorous evidence is needed. However, to the best of our knowledge, there exists no systematic assessment of the body of scholarly evidence in the field of PP. Therefore, the present study was conducted to fill in this gap of knowledge, by conducting a scoping review of the literature enhanced by a bibliometrics analysis and by mining two major scholarly databases (MEDLINE via PubMed and Scopus). The aim was to provide a review/summary of the findings to date to help practitioners and athletes. Thirty-seven studies were retained in the present study. These covered the following thematic areas: (i) warm-up strategies (n = 2); (ii) aspects of training (n = 2); (iii) physiological aspects and responses (n = 2); (iv) psychological aspects and responses (n = 2); (v) biomechanics of bench press (n = 8); (vi) recovery strategy (n = 5); (vii) impact of the disability and type of disability (n = 4); (viii) epidemiology of PP (n = 6); and (ix) new analytical/statistical approaches for kinematics assessments, internal load monitoring, and predictions of mechanical outputs in strength exercises and in PP (n = 6). Bibliometrics analysis of the PP-related scientific output revealed that, despite having already become a paralympic sports discipline in 1984, only in the last few years, PP has been attracting a lot of interest from the community of researchers, with the first scholarly contribution dating back to 2012, and with more than one-third of the scientific output being published this year (2022). As such, this scholarly discipline is quite recent and young. Moreover, the community dealing with this topic is poorly interconnected, with most authors contributing to just one article, and with one single author being a hub node of the author network. Distributions of the number of articles and the authors/co-authors were found to be highly asymmetrical, indicating that this research is still in its infancy and has great room as well as great potential to grow. Reflecting this, many research topics are also overlooked and underdeveloped, with the currently available evidence being based on a few studies.

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“…Weight increments were added until the maximum load that could be lifted once was reached. If the exerciser could not perform a single repetition, 2.4 to 2.5% of the load used in the test was subtracted [ 21 , 22 ]. The subjects rested for 3–5 min between attempts.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Grip Amplitude on Velocity in Paralympic Powerlifting

Santos

Aidar

Alejo

et al. 2021

JFMK

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(1) Background: Paralympic Powerlifting (PP) is a Paralympic modality that is predominantly about developing maximal force, as there are athletes who lift three times their body weight. Our objective was to evaluate the averages of the velocity for 30% and 50% of 1 Maximum Repetition (1 RM) on different amplitudes of the footprint in PP athletes; (2) Methods: The intervention happened over two weeks, with the first being devoted to the familiarization and testing of 1 RM, while in the second week, through the use of a linear Encoder, tests of velocity average (VA), velocity average propulsive (VAP), and velocity peak (VP) were carried out with loads of 30% and 50% of a maximum repetition 1 RM for 1× of the biacromial distance (BAD) 1.3 × BAD, 1.5 × BAD; (3) Results: There was a significant difference in the average velocity of 1 × BAD (1.16 ± 0.14 m/s, 1.07–1.26 IC; η2p 0.20) when compared to 1.3 × BAD (1.00 ± 0.17 m/s, 0.90–1.09 IC; η2p 0.20) over 30% of 1 RM. For the other velocity variables for 30% and 50% of 1 RM with different grip amplitudes, there were no significant differences; (4) Conclusions: In PP, the 1 × BAD footprint contributes significantly to VA at 30% of 1 RM when compared to the 1.3 × BAD and 1.5 × BAD footprints. For loading at 50% of 1 RM the VA, VAP and VP decreased when compared to 30% of 1 RM, to the extent that the VAP and VP generated with the 1.3 × BAD and 1.5 × BAD footprints were higher than those with 1 × BAD, other than for VA 50% of 1 RM, where the 1 × BAD footprint was superior to the others.

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Are Strength Indicators and Skin Temperature Affected by the Type of Warm-Up in Paralympic Powerlifting Athletes?

Cited by 11 publications

References 42 publications

Does the Level of Training Interfere with the Sustainability of Static and Dynamic Strength in Paralympic Powerlifting Athletes?

Does the Level of Training Interfere with the Sustainability of Static and Dynamic Strength in Paralympic Powerlifting Athletes?

A Bibliometrics-Enhanced, PAGER-Compliant Scoping Review of the Literature on Paralympic Powerlifting: Insights for Practices and Future Research

Analysis of Grip Amplitude on Velocity in Paralympic Powerlifting

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