Abstract:Some colourful European wild birds display contrasting bright colours. These are often striking black and white or primary and secondary colours, and with the same basic plumage livery shared by both sexes. These contrasting colours are, one assumes, very obvious to predators when these birds forage diurnally, or continue other aspects of their life history, including courting, nest building and rearing their brood. Here, I posit that such birds may be displaying aposematic warning colouration, possibly enhanc… Show more
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